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Understanding the Arctic Fox, 2008.
The paper is a study of the arctic fox and the role it plays in the environmental balance of the arctic region.
2,868 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
Peripheral to the concern and implications of the melting arctic regions is the concern about the wildlife supported by the region. The author of the paper focuses his study on the arctic fox. The writer attempts to build an understanding and image of this creature about which very little attention has been given in discussions on environmental concerns. This paper examines the role of the arctic fox in the environmental balance of the arctic region; because in the harsh environment of the arctic where it becomes very easy to forget about global warming and endangered habitats in sub zero temperatures, every life form, including the arctic fox, is but a component in the balance of nature and life in the region.
From the Paper
"Concerns about the lemming population as a vanishing food source upon which the arctic fox relies is probably less of an issue than what the access to the region will mean to the arctic fox as a species. With the changing weather, it can be expected that mankind will expand his own habitat into regions previously unpopulated in the arctic. A region where the harsh weather itself, the frozen tundra, the snow, are the roaming grounds of the arctic fox, it can be expected that we might see a decline in the numbers of artic fox as a result of man's presence over the environmental changes. The artic fox, described as a "hardy" animal, is no doubt, like foxes in other regions, able to sustain itself as a small predator and as a scavenger of bigger animals; but it probably cannot stave off the harm it faces by the presence of mankind in its environment."
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The United States Patriot Act, 2008.
A paper discussing the effects of the United States Patriot Act on US democracy.
1,112 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The United States Patriot Act was passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives soon after the attacks of 9/11 and was initially designed as one of the governmental measures taken in the fight against terrorism. The author contends that the measures stipulated in the act generated massive debates over whether or not the Patriot Act abridges essential freedom. The paper examines the measures and powers given to authorities by the act. The writer discusses the effects of these measures on the United States as a democratic nation.
From the Paper
"Through the Patriot Act the US government can constantly monitor any terrorism suspect and the people that he interacts with. For example, any phone that might at one point be used by a terrorism suspect can be legally supervised indefinitely and so even those that have no relation with a terrorist suspect and simply use a public phone or accidentally come in contact with a terrorist suspect can be supervised and their phone can be monitored. The biggest concern is that the government will have easier access to personal information of any citizen and that there is no guarantee that that personal information will not be used against individuals. There is a great risk of allowing governmental agencies easy and hidden access to private information as this would permit a great amount of unwanted control of governmental agencies over private life."
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"The Looming Tower", 2008.
A review of Lawrence Wright's book "The Looming Tower" on Islamic fundamentalism.
790 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at how Lawrence Wright in his work "The Looming Tower" explores the origins of the Islamic fundamentalist movement and its relationship to Osama bin Laden. The paper posits that Wright makes the terrorists more real to us and makes the complicated world of terrorism easy to understand.
From the Paper
"In Chapters 1 through 11, Wright make the complex workings of al-Qaeda easy to comprehend. The first half of the book traces the history of al-Qaeda back to post World War II, where the ideas of a jihad were but seeds of thought in Sayyid Qutb's mind. Wright does well to explore the main players' characters religious and political involvement. Political ideas coupled with religious persuasions help us to understand the aspirations of these men that help form the underground movement that we would later come to know as the Islamic fundamentalist movement."
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Roe v. Wade, 2008.
A case brief of 'Roe, et al. v Wade' (410 U.S. 113).
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in 1973, a pregnant women identified as 'Roe' brought a class action before the U.S. Supreme Court on the constitutionality of the criminal abortion laws in Texas, which banned seeking or attempting an abortion except in order to save the life of the mother. The paper relates the majority, concurring and dissenting opinions as presented by each judge. The paper concludes that the principle of this case is within the framework of the Fourteenth Amendment due process rights of an individual and whether those rights were being violated by the statutes of the States of Texas and Georgia relating to the right of a pregnant woman to have an abortion.
Table of Contents:
Character of Action
Facts
Issues
Decision
Majority Opinion
Concurring Opinion
Justice Blackman
Justice Stewart
Chief Justice Burger
Justice Douglas
Dissenting Opinions
Justice Rehnquist
Justice White
Comment
Principle
From the Paper
"In this case the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the statutes of the state of Georgia and Texas were overly restrictive in relation to the rights of the pregnant woman and the control that the woman has over her own life to choose to follow through with a pregnancy and particularly in relation to health status. Of the Justices that dissented in this matter, it was held Justice Rehnquist that at the time of the framing of the Fourteenth Amendment there were 36 laws that placed restrictions on abortions and that there was not, within the framework of the Constitution a right to an abortion."
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Censorship in High School, 2008.
An analysis of the issues concerning the censoring of articles appearing in a high school newspaper.
903 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, while the censoring of articles appearing in a high school newspaper is, no doubt, intended to protect the readers from the gruesome details of reality, whether this protection actually works when these gruesome details are all over television, radio and the Internet, is debatable. The paper acknowledges that the censorship is aimed to reduce the negative impact the cruel reality might have on teenagers, by making them focus on the scholarly features presented in the high school newspaper, but then questions whether this objective is actually achieved. Specifically, the writer of the paper argues that, in fact, censoring articles in the high school newspaper does not protect students and, instead, narrows the minds of both readers and writers by enclosing them in a world free of crime.
From the Paper
"Nobody doubts the good intentions of high school principals who desire to read in the school newspaper about pleasant events and achievements of students. But when the world around abounds in criminality, the protection through censorship is rather unlikely to have the desired outcome. And even considering that there are teenagers who do not watch television, or which by some miraculous event are unaware of the cruelties going on in the world, reading more pleasant articles in the high school newspaper will serve them no good. For they will one day realize the multitude of negative aspects in the world and will be shocked at their sight. As a result of this line of thoughts, one could mention that by censoring the school newspaper, the high school fails to accomplish its mission of ensuring the transition from childhood to adulthood. "
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Medical Ethics: Euthanasia, 2008.
A discussion on medical ethics concerning euthanasia.
1,724 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the medical ethics concerning euthanasia, presenting arguments both for and against euthanasia. The paper relates that proponents of euthanasia maintain that dying with dignity is a right that every human being should be assured of, while opponents contend that life, in whatever capacity is a human right, and as such no person has the right to take it away from another, regardless of the reasons. The author examines the four principles of ethics that are prominent in the medical profession, non-maleficence, beneficence, autonomy and justice, and suggests that they can be used in considering issues such as euthanasia. The paper also suggests that professionals, family members, and friends of the persons considering euthanasia should be included in the decision making process, so as to curb the problem of practices such as unconsented assisted suicide.
Outline:
Meta-ethical Solutions
Normative Solutions
Conclusion
Sources
From the Paper
"Active euthanasia on the other hand is the administration of a substance to hasten the death of the patient for the purpose of ending suffering for either the person involved or family members in the case of for example a coma that is unlikely to end. Associations such as the AMA are in favor of passive euthanasia, while being opposed to active euthanasia. On the other hand, those who are opposed to euthanasia in all its forms would refer to one distinction as murder and the other as aiding suicide."
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International Law in the Modern World, 2008.
The paper examines the role of international law in the modern world.
1,214 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper contends that the modern world is characterized by greater contact and interaction between nations. With this in mind, the author examines the role of international law in the modern world. He continues and contends that at the same time the contemporary world is also a place of greater complexity and competition for scarce resources, as well as increasing conflict. The writer contends that international law must face extremely difficult and complex situations in maintaining the ideals of peace and order and that there are areas where international law is virtually powerless whilst there are others where the role of international law has been very effective. The paper concludes that, as the world grows more complex and as the danger to peace and human equality intensifies, the need for a strong and well-supported system of international law increases as well.
From the Paper
"However, many of these high ideals have not yet been accomplished in the present century. In fact, international law has failed to a certain extent, particularly in the area of international conflict. One of the central problems that International law faces is the usurpation of its objectivity and impartiality by the politics and agendas of 'superpowers" or influential countries. This can be seen for example in the events leading up to the recent Iraq war. In this case, the position held by international law, as defined by the United Nations, was overruled by the United States. Therefore, the standing of international law has been reduced in many cases by the complexity of international politics and the often convoluted and intricate views and agendas of influential countries like the United States, the Soviet Union and China. This has played a major part in the effectiveness of international law in recent years. This aspect has also curtailed the ability of international law to deal with the various complex conflicts and issues in the world, such as the conflict in Darfur."
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Security, 2008.
A review of the inefficiency of the executive branch of the federal government in running the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and how Congress is attempting to rectify the situation.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the security of the United States against terrorism and questions how safe Americans feel when it comes to the sanctity and security of their homeland. The paper comments that the former question is difficult to answer precisely, but given the Congressional and government reports that point out the flaws and failures of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), it would seem the U.S. is not as secure as it should be. The latter question is discussed at the conclusion of this paper. The point of this paper is that the executive branch of the federal government has not done an adequate job of running the DHS, and Congress is now doing what it should have been doing all along - fiscal and management oversight. The focus of this paper is on the science and technology division of the DHS.
From the Paper
"As to the specific DHS area of concern for this paper, Science & Technology, the congressional report card sets the stage for the 2007 report by reviewing the S&T's poor condition that existed in 2006. The report card quotes from a Washington Post article (Hsu Aug. 20, 2006) that the S&T was "hobbled by poor leadership, weak financial management and inadequate technology" (Hsu 2006). Given the vital importance to America's security, the first paragraph in the S&T section outlines needs to be addressed, including the "systemic deficiencies in financial and accounting controls" along with the "poor response to the needs of customers." In general, the 2007 said that historically the problems with DHS's S&T department are many and Congress and the public have "lost confidence in the ability of the S&T Directorate to fulfill its statutory responsibilities."
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Euthanasia is Wrong, 2008.
An argument that euthanasia, whether voluntary, involuntary or genuinely intended as mercy killing, is never justified.
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper argues against euthanasia in all cases. The paper asserts that even if voluntary euthanasia can be benevolently motivated, there is a potential for abuse and mistakes. The paper discusses doctor-assisted and passive euthanasia in the medical setting and maintains that patients and their families are reliant on and deferential to physicians, allowing physicians to impose their own fundamental beliefs on their patients. The paper then presents the opinion that allowing an individual to refuse life-saving treatment by proxy is simply a passive form of euthanasia. The paper therefore contends that all these forms of euthanasia must be prohibited.
Outline:
Introduction
The Argument Against Euthanasia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Euthanasia refers to several different the types of act of purposely terminating the life of another. It includes involuntary forced killing, such as that practiced by the Nazis, aggressive voluntary physician-assisted suicide, non-aggressive withdrawal of medical support, and "mercy killing" or assistance in the suicide of a loved one suffering from incurable disease (Garner 2001).
"All forms of involuntary euthanasia are wrong, because the killing of another is, by definition, murder. Judeo-Christian religious beliefs prohibit both suicide and, therefore, assisted suicide, as do the laws of the United States. In principle, the only possible exceptions are those where a person of sound mind refuses medical treatment under the "penumbra" of implied privacy rights under the U.S. Constitution (Dershowitz 2002). In those situations, it is not actually euthanasia, since personal refusal of medical treatment does not involve the actions of another person; nor is the mentally competent refusal of medical care defined as suicide, because modern interpretation of constitutional rights includes the right to refuse personal medical care in general (Abrams 1985)."
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Counterterrorism Strategies, 2008.
This paper explores the need for counterterrorism strategies to be aware of causative factors and technology.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how terrorism has become an international phenomenon due to modern means of technological and digital communication. The paper then explains the need to create a counterterrorism strategy that is defensive but also includes a proactive and integrated approach to the causes that motivate terrorist actions.
Outline:
Introduction
Understanding Causes and Communication
Technology and Counterterrorism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is true that terrorism is not a new phenomenon in human history. Terrorist acts and tactics as a means of attaining social and political ends have been recorded throughout human history. There are however a number of critical differences between the terrorism of the past and modern terrorism. One of these differences is that modern terrorism makes use of contemporary technology, such as computers and the Internet. As one commentator on terrorism states; "....while terrorism has a long history; the current wave of this form of violence has been given impetus by a series of new developments in the post-World War II period. Any analysis of terrorism in the contemporary world must begin with a discussion of these developments" (Evans, 1979, p. 11)."
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