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Case Study: Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), 2008.
A case study, which uses rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT) in treating the elderly.
1,745 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Albert Ellis' rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT). The author presents the case of client, David Youngblood, a 65-year-old retired, recently widowed, white male, who has no support network. The paper relates that the client has stated that he has guilt feelings of surviving his wife and that he has had thoughts of suicide.The paper concludes that REBT, the most assertive form of treatment, is needed because it can identify irrational thoughts and can encompass numerous therapeutic techniques.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of the Client
Theoretical Approach
Interventions
Multicultural/Diversity Sensitivity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The elderly population of the United States is increasing by vast proportions due to the baby boomer generation, which will create the largest elderly generation the country has ever known. As part of this vast social group, Mr. Youngblood has developed his own ideas about his life and the responses that he should have to life based on ideas that are specific to this population. It is apparent that these ideas have likely come from many sources and that they have evolved over the life span."
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Middle Age Women in the Workforce, 2008.
A commentary on the reasons why so many women, particularly in their mature years are seeking employment today.
1,043 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper is an observation analysis as to why we find women in the workforce today. The paper explains the reasons for this phenomena and continues by highlighting how effectiveness and usefulness alters with the progression of age. The paper utilizes a specific example and follows the work cycle as this person increases in age.
Outline:
Introduction
Findings/observations
Critical analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Dolly has worked at the same restaurant for 18 years. Her shift use to be 6-11pm, but she no longer feels comfortable driving home so late so Dolly asked for her shift to be 4-9pm. Dolly also no longer is able to work 5 nights a week like she did for 12 years. Her back became arthritic and the pain of working 5 shifts is too much for her to handle--she asked to be cut down to 4, then 3 and just yesterday she asked for only 2 shifts a week. The other girls she was hired with are still physically able to work their 5 shifts, but have cut back along with Dolly for other reasons such as babysitting grandchildren, no longer need the money, no longer need the social aspect, managers are too young and inexperienced and etc. Physically they are all fine, but a car accident Dolly had in her mid-twenties has caused arthritis in her joints and swelling to some discs in her back between her shoulder blades. Dolly still needs the money--her husband died 8 years ago of a fatal heart attack and financially they were not prepared."
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Nursing Interview, 2008.
An analysis of an interview with the author's aging client.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the author's interview with an aging client, called Mrs. S. The main part of the analysis focuses on the section of the interview where Mrs. S mentions her arthritis and the dialogue that followed. The author relates that, during the interview, she discovered, that Mrs. S has another chronic condition, diabetes, but is coping well with both illnesses. The author further relates that the purpose of the interview, in this case, was to learn about a client and she learned that this client has not only lived a full life but is also maintaining her quality of life.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Analysis of Interpersonal Skills and Communication Style
Strengths in the Interview
Challenges in the Interview
Use of Self during the Interview
Learning Goals
Summary
From the Paper
"Jourdain (2004) discusses four communication styles, the first of which is the sanguine or expressive and spirited style of communication. That style would best describe my own approach. I made use of encouraging words and phrases such as 'um hum' and 'I understand'. I was careful to remain nonjudgmental and to try to have empathy by placing myself in her position. I tried to guide the interview but was careful not to control the responses offered by Mrs. S."
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Orem's Model of Self-Care within Nursing, 2008.
A literature analysis of Orem's model of self-care as it relates to nursing in the elderly.
1,384 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper defines and discusses Orem's model of self-care in nursing. The paper identifies the issues related to increased autonomy for patients in respect to identifying and promoting their own health care needs, while also also ensuring that the patient receives care from health care professionals, family and friends when needed. The paper analyzes current research on this topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Summarization of Literature
Positive Factors Relating to Nursing Practice
Negative Factors Relating to Nursing Practice
Personal Perspectives towards Orem's Model of Self-Care and Long-Term Nursing Care
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Orem's model of self-care promotes specific health goals that increase the autonomy and the self-care of the patient. Not all patients can benefit from all aspects of this model, but most patients are likely to achieve a greater degree of control over how and to what extent their health care needs are met. The model shows substantial positive outcomes as a component of health care, as it promotes improved diagnosis, improved communication between the health care provider and the patient, and reliance on others to supplement the patient's health care needs when specific outcomes cannot be met by the patient alone."
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The Elderly and the Theory of Planned Behavior, 2008.
A review of a journal article that modeled the theory of planned behavior and used an experiment related exercise to show the facets of the theory.
945 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review of the article "Does the theory of planned behavior elements mediate the relationship between perceived constraints and intention to participate in physical activities? A study among older individuals" by A. Konstantinos, B. Vasilis, and T. Charalampos. The paper focuses on how the article effectively uses qualitative research to understand a particular aspect of human development within an empirical human development study. The paper also attempts to determine whether the article was conducted within the necessary specific criteria for qualitative research. The paper concludes that the article seems to have followed the necessary specific requirements, although certain elements remain somewhat questionable.
From the Paper
"The results of the model showed that given the facets of the TPB, participants' behavior and attitude towards exercise was significantly correlated with the actual amount of exercise undertaken. The predictive aspect of the TPB was also validated by the participants who were contacted after the initial study. Overall, this conclusion was validated by triangulating the data, since the human development experiment was to test a very well known theory - theory of planned behavior, and the authors validated this result with other known experiments and the original empirical construct. The literature review conducted was comprehensive and gave a clear picture of what this particular article was adding to the literature, however, the necessary use of different sources, methods, and investigations was rather comprehensive."
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Caring for the Elderly, 2008.
This paper identifies the issues in palliative care for geriatric patients.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces the topic of palliative care for geriatric patients by explaining that the purpose of bringing attention to common problems in elderly patients is to avoid or alleviate some of the difficulties encountered prior to the final transition from life. The paper looks at elderly patients' propensity for being undiagnosed, misdiagnosed or under-treated in the areas of pain, confusion, satiety and anorexia, and gastrointestinal distress. The paper addresses the psychosocial issues of fears and depression and notes the importance of support systems to ease transition from life to death.
Outline:
Introduction
Altered Presentation of Health Problems
Psychosocial Issues
From the Paper
"The geriatric population is gradually becoming the largest single demographic group worldwide. Ironically, efforts to address their special health care needs, especially with regard to palliative care, continues to progress at a slow pace to such a point that the present crop of health care professionals will be unable to adapt quickly enough to meet geriatrics' specialized needs (Besdine, Boult, Brangman, Coleman, Fried, Gerety et al, 2005; Swiss Academy of Medicine, 2004). The National Institute of Health (NIH, 2004) has reiterated this and the assessment that end-of-life care is particularly incoherent regarding its development and establishment as a science and have yet to develop consistent use of validated measures and explore further new interventions. The primary objective of this acute care nurse practitioner content development manuscript is to concisely consolidate salient features and issues regarding common clinical presentations of geriatric patients for use in a clinical setting. While this may drastically contrast from the approaches to palliative care, it is the contention of this paper that, through bringing attention these common manifestations in elderly patients, some of the difficulties encountered prior to the final transition from life can be avoided or at least alleviated."
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Fall Prevention in the Elderly, 2008.
A literature review discussing the use of restraints to prevent falls in elderly patients in nursing homes.
1,209 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the use of physical or chemical restraints as a preventive measure against falls in elderly patients. It analyzes the literature which implies that restraints do not decrease the incidence of falls and questions whether restraints should still be used to prevent falls in elderly patients in nursing homes. The paper then provides some recommendations to the problem.
Table of Contents:
Problem
Background of the Problem
Scope
Evidence Based on Literature
Recommendations
Strategies for Integration
From the Paper
"A decrease in mental status, with or without psychoactive drug use, and a perceived risk for falls was associated with subsequent restraint use, reiterating the need for patient assessment and treating the underlying condition rather than relying on restraints. Pharmacological assessment of psychotropic drugs, cardiovascular and neurological assessment of nursing home residents should be carried out in at-risk patients for falls (Lyons, 2004, Recommendation A). At-risk patients with a pertinent history for the above should be reviewed and acted upon accordingly and avoidance of restraint use due to the increased risk of falls and injuries (Lyons, 2004; Park, Hsiao-Chen Tang & Ledford, 2005, Recommendation A)."
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Short-Term Memory and Aging, 2008.
A discussion of the possible causes for short-term memory loss in old age.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses short-term memory loss among the elderly. The paper points out that the habit of viewing difficulties of short-term memory loss as normal in aging is countered by knowledge of the phenomenon as a frequent indication of changes in other memory functions. The paper mentions current models, which address short-term memory in relation to brain connectivity, such that impaired short-term memory may be read as a sign for other alterations in memory or brain function that are more significant. The paper looks into a variety of causes in order to gain a better conceptualization of a condition that is a frequent symptom, rather than a disorder all its own. The paper concludes that symptoms involving cognition and memory indicate something, and are not reducible to old models of steady decline, especially mental decline, in old age.
From the Paper
"An aging North American population and much research attention given to Alzheimer's and dementia have produced considerable knowledge of help in understanding other conditions of brain function including mental and nervous disorder. Grady, Furey Et Al (2001) examined altered brain connectivity and the decline of short-term memory of a sample of Alzheimer's patients and a normal control group. Alzheimer's disorder is increasing defined as a syndrome of dysfunctional connectivity within the brain whose most apparent indication is often much impaired short-term memory. Given the technology available to neurologists and neuro-psychiatrists of today, much more is understood of what happens to the memory of the Alzheimer's patient in addition to knowledge allowing us to know more of the normal or aging person who does not present the condition. Delays in cognitive processing due to Alzheimer's changes affect other aspects of memory. For instance, impairment in the functioning of the prefrontal cortex of means the patient cannot recognize a once familiar face, or the face of a caregiver or other individual that is seen daily."
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Plan of Care for an Elderly Patient, 2008.
An assessment of an elderly patient suffering from constipation, incontinence, and urinary tract infection, and a proposed plan of care.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This case study analyzes the health problems of an elderly patient that mainly involve constipation, incontinence, and urinary tract infection. The paper points out that these problems are very common among people over 65 years of age. The study proposes that the patient be provided with a program of good nutrition and health teaching by qualified nursing staff. The program will also require regular check-ups. The paper concludes that the successful implementation of this program should help to eliminate the patient's problems.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis of Data
Assessment
Plan of Care
Nursing Orders
Implementation
Evaluation
From the Paper
"For older adults, if the food plan is going to meet nutritional needs, it must account for changes related to aging (Collis, 2002). Joan must receive enough calories per day to meet her needs for protein, calcium, iron, and vitamins. Because of the presence of the pressure sore, Joan needs protein to allow the sore to heal. Protein also is needed to build and maintain muscle and tissues (Collins, 2002). Because of such serious problems with constipation, Joan most especially needs a high amount of fibre in her diet. She can obtain fibre from such foods as bran products, raw fruits, prunes, and whole grain breads and cereals (Kozier, et. al., 2000)."
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Quality of Life Nursing Care, 2008.
This paper discusses quality of life issues that support Canadian patients with terminal disease through a review of five articles on the topic.
2,275 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, even with intervention and assessment, and to some degree intra-observer variation, quality of life may not be enough to define a patient's contentment with life when faced with end of life issues. The author points out that life-changing events and end of life issues can be so sudden that a patient and her family may find control over their lives involuntarily wrenched from them. The paper cites that the transcendence theory can be a powerful motivator to achieve health care objectives for helping bereaved patients, their families and their nurses "move on" to understanding how suffering and changes can affect new individual insights. The author relates that, in caring for the older adult, it is sometimes more understood than appreciated that they may have more complaints to attend to, more symptoms that they complain of and may even be difficult to approach. The paper then independently reviews five different articles on this topic.
From the Paper
"The second article tells of the triumph of the human spirit over seemingly impossible odds (McLean, 2006). In spite of his diagnosis of terminal colon cancer, firefighter lieutenant Mark Johnston underwent surgery in spite of the bleakness of his condition. What was remarkable was the camaraderie of his fellow firefighters, who would do what seemingly meant little more than keeping vigils with him. When Mark went into relapse after rejoining his team a year after, a testament to his spirit, he dispelled the prevailing myth of the palliative care unit's reputation for admitting patients that do not get discharged. In spite of this, Mark sought admission hesitantly at first, but with the constant show of support by family and friends during his times of greatest need and pain, he was able to eventually - and dramatically - return home."
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