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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An overview of the problem of elder abuse in the United States and what can be done to prevent it.
1,664 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how elder abuse is a problem that was swept under the rug for many years, but is being addressed more now than it has ever before. It discusses how, once training is available to those providing home care to their relatives, then the incidence of elder abuse should drop significantly and how this combined with more public knowledge on elder abuse, would decrease the incidence of elder abuse even more.
Outline:
Is Elder Abuse the Result of a Lack of Knowledge and Lack of Help?
Yes
No
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In our society, shipping our loved one off to a nursing home is not normally the first option. Most do not want a stranger taking care of a person they care about and the cost can also be an issue. Often, caregivers do not realize how difficult caring for an elderly person actually is and dive into without knowing proper techniques of care. This situation can lead to stress and depression in the caregiver, which can impair their normal thought and action process leading to higher rates of elder abuse. Again, if education and support was more readily available, these reactions would lessen. Not only that, but more caregivers are adult children who also have their own lives and may require help learning how to be patient. In cases of a spouse providing care, the spouse also tends to be older and may not be physically capable of providing proper care. "
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Older Criminals and Policy Issues, 2007.
An analysis of how the increase in the number of older adults in prison in the US affects the criminal justice system.
3,211 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper examines a number of issues that policy makers need to address regarding the caring and housing of elderly inmates. It explains that, although there are current policies in place that establish a prisoner's right to health care and right to not be discriminated against based on disability, the policies are vague and unclear. The writer discusses how the vagueness of these policies has led to controversy and debate in the public as a whole, as well as the Supreme Court. The writer strongly asserts that policies addressing inmates and correctional facilities will not only impact inmates, but will also impact correctional officers, the medical field, and the population as a whole. The writer concludes that with the increase of older inmates, more research is being done to understand what is occurring and what is needed to help prepare for the needs of older inmates.
From the Paper
"The reasons for older adults committing crimes are often the same as nonelderly offenders. Some crime may be due to low socioeconomic status, drugs, unstable social relationships, and alcohol. On the other hand, it could also be due to the onset of dementia, which can cause an individual to lose social screens and have a lack of judgment. Feelings of depression and boredom can also lead to crime (Frolik & McChrystal Barnes, 2003). The changes in the number of older adults in prison can be attributed to many different possibilities. Three of which are the increase in the older adult population, changes in the sentencing guidelines, and parole changes. All three of the above led to an increase in the population of inmates serving time."
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Elder Abuse, 2005.
This paper discuses elder abuse, which is considered one of the fastest growing areas of serious concern for the elderly.
3,590 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, whether it is physical, sexual, emotional or psychological abuse or whether it is neglect, abandonment or financial exploitation, abuse results in harm to the older individual. The author points out that, as people live longer, they tend to become more and more dependent on others and may not have a good support system within the community . The paper relates that lifelong patterns of domestic violence are often reversed when the parent or the formerly dominating spouse becomes less powerful and is now the victim instead of the abuser. The author points out that research has discovered those aged persons with cognitive impairments, such as dementia and depression, are at greater risks for abuse. The paper stresses that taking legal action through social service agencies is necessary to prevent elder abuse.
From the Paper
"The Northamptonshire study revealed the prevalence of dementia among the older men and women who were abused. The ability of caregivers to cope varied with the severity of the dementia and whether or not the caregiver considered that he or she was caring as they had always done, caring for physical needs, or dealing with a mentally ill partner. For many the use of formal and informal services was minimal, sometimes through ignorance of available services, sometimes through choice where career and partner deliberately limited outside contacts. These are situations where abuse can easily occur."
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The Older Adult Driver, 2007.
This paper discuses the need for physicians to assess the driving abilities of older adults.
2,855 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the absolute number of crashes is the lowest in older drivers; however, the crash rate per mile driven puts older drivers at the highest risk age group. The author points out that the increase in crashes is not due to age itself but to the increase in detrimental health conditions and common changes associated with age, such as visual impairment, chronic disease, and prescription and over-the-counter medications. The paper relates that, because these changes do not cause a decline in the ability to drive for everyone and usually occur gradually over time at different rates for each person, the physician can evaluate if it is safe for an individual to drive. The author states that, driving cessation can have detrimental effects on an individual. Thus, the goal of the physician should be to identify treatable causes while still allowing the patient to maintain mobility and independence.
From the Paper
"New methods have recently been developed in an attempt to assess drivers. Driving simulators provide an artificial environment for drivers to navigate in, allowing an assessment to be done on driving ability. On-the-road testing is typically the traditional approach. A specialist in older adults usually does this and the focus is on reaction time, speed of turning, judgment, and visual scanning and attention. Safety and reliability issues are not easy to see in this type of test though. A new test called Assessment of Driving-Related Skills (ADReS) has been developed to evaluate drivers."
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Transportation Mobility and Older Adults, 2006.
This paper is a research proposal to study the effects of transportation on mobility of older adults.
1,640 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to study where older adults tend to travel and how often public transportation is used, as well as where these individuals would like to travel, but are unable to due to lack of transportation. The author points out that research has shown that the availability of public transportation varies based on location and that, in rural and suburb areas, there often is no form of transportation other than private automobiles. The paper reports that the sample for this study will be volunteer men and women, 65 years and older, who ride public transportation in a non-urban region of central Minnesota. The paper states that the self-report questionnaire was developed by the author because other research has not included investigation of where the aged would have liked to travel if they had transportation. The paper includes a cover letter and the questionnaire.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Non-drivers
Use of Public Transportation by Older Adults
Gender and Ethnicity
Methodology
Sample
Procedure
Instrument
Analysis
Tentative Time Line
Appendix: Consent Form
Appendix: Survey
From the Paper
"Troubles accessing public transportation vary from person to person. One in five women Latinas reported transportation problems, while one and ten African American women reported problems accessing public transportation.However, only 5% of white women reported problems with accessing public transportation. However, the number of women drivers is expected to increase in the next 30 years. Only 67% of women had driver licenses in 1997 but by 2012 it is predicted that 90% of women will have driver licenses."
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Transportation Problems of Older Adults, 2007.
This paper discuses current barriers and possible solutions to public transportation for older adults in the US.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with the aging of the baby boom generation, the number of people needing to travel will put more pressure on transportation services. The author points out that declining health and finances can lead to a cessation or limitation in driving. The paper relates that the cessation of driving may lead to social isolation, which is linked strongly to premature death; however, having access to public transportation can lead to a higher levels of satisfaction with quality of life. The author underscores that most aging individuals do not use public transportation because of accessibility, unreliable arrival times, difficulties with learning to use public transportation, fear of being attacked and problems with lighting and steps. The paper highlights the availability of government funding to expand and improve public transportation for the handicapped and aged, but urges that more is needed.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, there are approximately seven million adults over the age of 65 that do not drive, with women making up the majority of non-drivers. Women tend to stop driving more than men of the same age. According to Bailey (2004), more than 50% of individuals 65 and older, who do not drive stay home because they lack transportation options. Non-drivers only average about 1.5 trips per day, while drivers tend to make 4 trips in one day. Furthermore, older non-drivers average 15% fewer trips to the doctor, 59% fewer shopping trips, and 65% fewer social trips."
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Peripheral Vascular Disease, 2004.
An analysis of nursing implications for peripheral vascular disease.
1,308 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Peripheral vascular disease is an umbrella term that refers to a range of abnormal conditions that affect veins outside the heart and which usually cause blockages in arteries. This paper examines how, depending on what region of the body is being affected by the peripheral vascular disease, nursing interventions should seek to minimize the impact of the disease process while introducing as much physical rehabilitation into the treatment regimen as medically feasible to delay or prevent further deterioration.
Outline:
Introduction: Definition and Pathology
Epidemiology
Assessment Strategies
Effects of Disorder on Dimensions of Health
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease can be performed faster, safer, more affordably, and in a minimally invasive way, according to studies performed at New York University Medical Center, New York City, have determined (Health beat, 2001). The results of these studies showed that when peripheral magnetic resonance angiography scanners are used for this purpose, a combination of ultra-fast, high-resolution imaging sequences with a panoramic table and special peripheral coil are used to allow coverage from the renal arteries to blood vessels in the foot in a single scan (Health beat, 2001). Although peripheral vascular disease may not manifest any symptoms at all, if the disease becomes very severe, more serious problems can develop. "
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Demographic Trends in Education, 2007.
This paper explores the changing demographics within education.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the changing demographics and cultural influences that have impacted education across the United States. The paper looks at enrollment fluctuations, immigration, diversity, the presence of married parents in the household, poverty, secure parental employment, the aging population, and obesity and shows how each one has a continuous impact on the changing demographics within education.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There have been dramatic changes in the population's composition in the last 50 years due to the rapid growth of the U. S. population. School districts around the country are influenced by five demographic trends. These trends have implications for school districts in terms of enrollment levels, student characteristics, and the resources available for education (Lapkoff & Li, 2007)."
"The first trend affecting educational demographics is enrollment fluctuations. When the population decreases, school districts close schools and reduce their teaching staff. However, when the population is rapidly increasing, school districts open new schools, reopen old ones or just deal with overcrowding. The elementary school where I am currently employed was initially comprised of pre-kindergarten through sixth grade students. Most elementary schools are pre-kindergarten through fifth grade. Due to overcrowding in other elementary schools in the area, sixth grade was removed in order to allow more students to attend in the lower grades."
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Stereotypes and Generalizations, 2007.
This paper describes four common, yet unfair, stereotypes in today's society.
739 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that stereotyping is an attempt to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. The paper shows the impossibility of this, since no two individuals are alike. The paper looks at stereotypes of politicians and discusses the belief that tattoos are related to gangs, drug heads and motorcycle groups. The paper examines stereotypes of feminists and of the elderly community. The paper shows just how cruel judgments are when they are made about groups of individuals that people know little about.
From the Paper
"Beliefs and values play a large role in society today, and eventually they will evolve over time. There are many different expressions of beliefs and values directly associated with stereotypes. Euphemism and dysphemism are rhetorical terms that are widely used in conjunction with stereotypes. Stereotyping is a natural function of the human and social mind. Essentially, the natural functions of stereotypes are actual sketches of how a group of people is perceived and how they perceive themselves. The stereotypes within this paper are normally viewed as erroneous. These are attempts to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. No two individuals are alike, so this would be logically impossible."
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Death, Dying and Nursing Ethics, 2007.
This paper discusses nursing ethics as related to life-threatening illnesses and death.
3,364 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the writer's personal philosophy of care and individual ethics in a case scenario of a patient (referred to as Mr. Smith) with advanced Alzheimer's and dementia. The writer discusses how the family often appeared indifferent and unconcerned with their father's condition especially at his untimely demise, which proved difficult for the nursing staff as they cared profoundly for the patient. The writer explores the specific ethical principles involved, including autonomy, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence and links the clinical situation to a specific theory of grief, loss and bereavement. The writer suggests alternative actions which could have led to a more satisfying and ethical outcome in the case of Mr. Smith, his family and the nurses concerned.
Outline:
Introduction
My Philosophy of Care in my Nursing Practice
Autonomy, Justice, Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
Related Theory of Grief, Loss, and Bereavement
Suggested Alternative Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ethics in healthcare is fundamental in the day-to-day care provided to patients' particularly in nursing and certainly with end of life issues. Essentially, the code of ethics for registered nurses is a declaration of commitment to those we serve, it is a guideline that sets out behaviors expected of us, and it advocates for quality care and serves as a self-reflection tool (Canadian Nurses Association, 1998). The codes of ethics and the standards of care made available by our governing body ensure that the best nursing practices will be provided to our patients (Aiken, 2005). Part of our nursing practice is to assist in life-threatening situations. Coping with death is challenging for nurses since the ability to cope with one's own grief or beliefs highly depends on the relationship of the healthcare provider to the patient, to their families and to their own experiences with death."
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