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Gruneau and Whitson's Hockey Night in Canada", 2007.
This paper analyzes the first chapter of Richard Gruneau and David Whitson's "Hockey Night in Canada: Sport, Identities and Cultural Politics".
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Chapter 1 of Gruneau and Whitson's "Hockey Night in Canada: Sport, Identities and Cultural Politics" offers the reader an introduction to the subject of hockey and the politics of culture. The author points out that the organizing theme of the chapter is the key question: "What has hockey got to do with culture?" The paper relates that the authors do not answer definitively this question; however, they do offer an excellent overview of the various ways in which the reader can approach the question. The author states that it is important to the framework of the book that the definition of culture includes sports, such as hockey. The paper states that the author now understands that there are many legitimate ways in which hockey can be deemed as culture. The paper includes quotations.
From the Paper
"Gruneau and Whitson give notice of this theme when they kick off their chapter with the apparent irony of Yevgeny Yevtushenko saying that Phil Esposito was Canada's greatest poet. In case the reader fails to see the irony, they describe the physical, hyper-masculine world of hockey, contrasting it with the "vaguely effeminate character" of poetry. They also make the point that the average macho hockey player would be loath to be associated with poetry - and by the same token, the average intellectual would be loath to be associated with the (perceived) low-brow world of hockey."
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The United States International Empire, 2008.
This paper explores how the United States gained its unparalleled foothold in the influence of international economy and politics.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Walter LaFeber's "Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism" where LaFeber emphasizes the 'branding of capitalism' concept. The paper also examines Andrew Bacevich's "American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy". The paper utilizes these works to analyze the strength and influence of the United States in the international community.
From the Paper
"Global capitalism has become the dominant force for international relations and economy. Many attribute the innovation of advanced communications and automated systems technology as a driving catalyst in bringing the world 'closer together' (Engardio, 2000, para. 1). However, the United States still remains the most dominant international figurehead in the global arena. Whether the issue is free market trades and tariff issues or military action, the United States has placed itself in a position of precedence that is unrivaled by any other country."
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High School Competitive Sports, 2008.
A discussion on whether participation in high school competitive sports is a destruction of the school mission or a contribution to academic goals.
2,769 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to definitively answer whether sports are destructive to the schools mission or an enhancement of the academics. For the purposes of this paper issues surrounding sports are discussed. Specifically, it reviews the use of performance-enhancement drugs, the obesity epidemic and the relationships and cohesion of the students. The paper concludes that there is a positive influence of sports on the academic setting and a benefit to the individual student.
From the Paper
"It has long been recognized by educators that children learn best when they are interested. Extracurricular activities can be the driving force for many children's interest in going to school, and it can promote a feeling of being part of a community (Burnett 3). Athletes become active participants in the learning process because it is imperative for them to take information and directly apply it to a situation. They are then able to receive feedback from their superiors and peers, and then evaluate the information in real-life situations. This process provides educational benefits, which are self-evident."
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Athletes and Eating Disorders, 2008.
This paper explores eating disorders among female athletes; why they happen and what can prevent them.
1,113 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the seriousness of the problem of eating disorders among young female athletes and some possible explanations for why these young women succumb to eating disorders that end their athletic careers or even their lives. The paper argues that the sporting society needs to adjust its focus when it comes to what measures will allow for athletic success. The paper discusses the importance of young women being prepared to challenge unrealistic body type images in the popular media and listen to their bodies and to the medical evidence, rather than to a coach.
From the Paper
"To start with, female athletes are more likely than male athletes to use induced vomiting as a means of losing weight. In a related vein, female athletes looking to "shed a few pounds" are perceptibly more likely then their male counterparts to use laxatives as a chief means of doing so. The troubling use of laxatives is often accompanied by the even more troubling misuse of diet pills by female athletes. Lastly, an exhaustive study undertaken by the National Collegiate Athletic Association Study reveals that, while young male athletes have a "low" (but acceptable) boy fat count over-all, female athletes register "abnormally low" in the body fat development (Johnson et al, 1999). Findings such as this one are deeply unsettling insofar as young men and women - for the most part - play the same sports today yet women seem to desire getting smaller much more so than their young male counterparts."
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Gender Bias and Women in Sports, 2007.
An examination of the challenges posed for women in sports by the gender binary system.
2,441 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how female athletes face tremendous obstacles and prejudice because by definition they are in opposition to the twin pillars of our patriarchal society: the gender binary system, and compulsory heterosexuality. The paper shows that many athletes and athletic organizations spend a great deal of energy on countering suspicions that women athletes are not "natural," "real," heterosexual, feminine women. The writer suggests that women stop wasting their energy on counteracting societal prejudices, and concentrate on being the best athletes they can be. The paper concludes that society has to change, and acknowledge and affirm the new ways in which 21st century women are choosing to express themselves. The writer believes that in this way, women's sports will some day command the same respect and money as men's sports do.
From the Paper
"Our society is rigidly structured on the basis of a gender binary system, which stipulates and prescribes that there must be two - and only two -genders, and moreover that these two genders are the opposites of one another. This system commonly posits the male as the norm, and the female as merely the "other," or simply the opposite of the norm. Within this system, certain attributes are regarded as quintessentially masculine, and others as feminine. Deviation from this is not well tolerated by mainstream society, possibly because it threatens the patriarchal status quo."
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Body Objectification in Woman Athletes, 2008.
An analysis of the relationship between women athletes, body objectification and eating disorders.
2,291 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 29 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the body of scholarly and research literature on the subject of female athletes, body image and objectification. It analyzes the role that the feminine ideal plays in the cognitive dissonance many sportswoman experience in reconciling the need for musculature to compete with the societal pressure to confirm to traditional norms of gender appearance. It pays particular attention to the correlation between this dissonance and the onset of eating disorders. The paper concludes with an analysis of qualitative research done by the author. The paper includes several interviews and discusses the light they shed on the previously discussed theories.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Literature Review
Interviews
From the Paper
"The coding of these interviews, albeit abbreviated because of limitations of time and length, nonetheless reveals distinct clustering patterns of words that connote issues central to our research topic. There clearly is a strong correlation between perceived body type, female athleticism and eating disorders in the case histories recounted in our interviews. Self-objectification is also in evidence as one of the root causes of the underlying psychological conflict that finds expression in eating disorders. Maggie's story in particular illustrates how destructive the discontinuity between the 'feminine ideal' and perceived body image can be. Just as the interview with the woman body builder demonstrates how the feminist perspective consciously applied to the problem of stigmatization of "muscular' woman can in fact insulate women from the social approbation of outright bias."
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New York Yankees, 2007.
An analysis of the marketing plan of the New York Yankees baseball team.
1,742 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the success of the New York Yankees baseball team. It looks at brand recognition and its all star player roster. The paper focuses on the reasons for their success. It analyzes their marketing strategies and objectives, as well as their product characterization. Finally, the paper provides a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis for the team.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Industry Overview
Marketing Objectives
Product Characteristics
SWOT
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The increasing rise in popularity of Major League Soccer as well as of the National Football league poses competitive threats to the Yankees franchise. These other professional sports leagues are effective at marketing and building a message of excitement and passion which is a message that Major League Baseball has often confused or garbled. The Yankees must create an integrated message to sell to its fan base and new potential fans that represent its history, its passion for the sport, and its roots in the New York community and ethos."
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Sport Chek Clientele, 2007.
This paper discusses Sport Chek outlet with regards to retail management.
817 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the viability of a Sport Chek's retail location in the Toronto area. Sport Chek is first examined as a retail operation and then its target market is given some discussion. Finally, the Toronto area demographics are examined with some detail awarded to customer psychographics.
Outline:
Abstract
Sport Check Clientele
Overview
Target Market
Market Segmentation
Demographics
Psychographics
From the Paper
"Sport Chek specializes in delivering unequalled customer service in a retail environment that has been tailored to the customer needs and desires rather than to corporate strategies or operational needs. Sport Chek's product mix places it in different product categories within the sports industry which allow it to appeal to a wide customer base. Among its product categories are: apparel, bikes, fitness, footwear, golf, hockey, outerwear, racquet sports, ski, team sports, and snowboard products. Sport Chek is owned by the Forzani Group which is the largest retail sports retailer in Canada with several other retail operations in addition to Sport Chek. While the company does not breakdown earnings by division, Sport Chek's parent corporation, the Forzani Group, reported $1,129,404k in total revenues of 2006. Sport Chek is a recognizable brand in Canada and particularly in the Toronto area."
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History of Physical Education, 2007.
This paper discusses physical education and looks at its history.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that from the time the first Olympiad was held in 776 BC, sports and physical education have become a part of health and fitness goals as well as a way of fostering community and political cooperation. Using the definition of physical education provided by R.L. McDaniel, this paper discusses physical education as "the means by which development of the total person is enhanced." The paper then provides a brief timeline and historical perspective of physical education.
From the Paper
"In 1953, physical fitness levels in school aged children were compared between the US and Europe; with results demonstrating the US performed significantly poorer than their European counterparts. This comparison was believed to be the catalyst for Federal Government involvement, such that in 1953 President Eisenhower formed the first Council on Youth Fitness (renamed to the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports). In 1994 the Physical Bet fitness testing program was established and in 2000 the Physical Education for Progress Act was approved by congress, although President Bush imposed a moratorium on the Act the following year."
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Women and Sports, 2007.
This essay discusses the issue of femininity as it relates to sports.
1,116 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a reflection analysis of three different articles from three different periods. The writer looks at the following three articles: "No Man's Land of Sport" by Alexandrine Gibb, "Whitby Senior Public School Girls Win Third Straight Volleyball Crown" by Malcolm Johnson, and "Sports Briefs" from The Toronto Star. Specifically, the paper looks at the socially-constructed body as it pertains to women in sports. In addition, the writer discusses the issues of femininity that arise when looking at the three articles. In the end, the writer argues that attitudes vis-a-vis the female form and female involvement in athletics have evolved generally in a positive manner.
From the Paper
"Instead, coverage of women's sports veered towards the athletic abilities of female participants. For example, a January 1985 article in the Toronto Star mentions how Whitby Senior Public School's victory in the Durham Elementary Athletic Association volleyball championships is a testament to the commitment of the athletes involved. In particular, writer Malcolm Johnson approvingly cites coach Jim Higgs, who mentions both competitive zeal and commitment as well as skill as being the chief determinants of his team's success. Suffice it to say, these young girls are now viewed as athletes and as competitors rather than as mass commodities with "nice legs"; just as significantly, there does not appear to be any social construction of the female form at all in this particular article - although the young age of the female competitors involved necessarily argues against that, anyways. Nonetheless, athletic achievement has supplanted "old-fashioned" notions of femininity."
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