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African-American Boys and Sports, 2005.
A literature review on African-American boys and their socialization into youth sports.
3,938 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper acknowledges how there are issues to be raised, considered and confronted concerning the socialization of young African-American boys into the world of sports. Is it a good idea, for example, when black parents vigorously encourage their child to excel in sports, in the hopes that the child will go on to a lucrative professional career? And, when young boys get involved heavily in sports activities, do they get into sports to the detriment of their scholastic careers? This paper reviews the literature that focuses on these issues.
Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Michael Lomax is an assistant professor in the sport management program at the University of Georgia; his research specialization is in "race and sport." Lomax, meanwhile, bases his published commentary on an article in the same issue of the journal, Society (Lomax, 2000) written by the highly respected sports sociologist Harry Edwards, and featured just above this paragraph. Edwards, according to Lomax, believes too many "black families have had a tendency to push their children toward sport career aspirations, often neglecting other important areas of personal and cultural development." Edwards, whom Lomax challenges on this issue, "contextualizes the environment under which black youths live," Lomax writes, in terms of pointing out that black youths are "institutionally, culturally, and interpersonally disconnected." "
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Anabolic Steroid Use in H.S. Students, 2005.
This paper is a complete research project on the anabolic steroid use by high school students in a small suburban high school in Georgia.
6,635 words (approx. 26.5 pages), 53 sources, APA, $ 152.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS), synthetic derivatives of the male hormone testosterone, can exert strong effects on the human body, which may be beneficial for athletic performance; however, they also have many serious negative effects on the user's health. The author used a multiple choice questionnaire for participants in intramural sports teams questioning the athletes' knowledge and use of steroids and interviewed coaches regarding their knowledge of the prevalence of the use of AAS drugs in their particular population of student athletes. The paper concludes that (1) the level of knowledge of the coaches in this school was relatively low, (2) 36% of the students at this high school reported using AAS either currently or in the past and (3) a significant proportion of the athletes who took these drugs were unable to state correctly the side effects or the expectations for these drugs.
Table of Contents
The Problem
Problem Background
Literature Review
Historical Perspective
Performance Enhancing Drugs - the Real Problem
Problems Associated with AAS Use
Physiological Changes Associated with AAS Use
Purpose of the Study and Research Questions
Limitations
Definitions
Importance of the Study
Methodology
Research Design
Selection of Participants
Instrumentation
Ethical Issues
Dissemination
Restatement of the Purpose
Research Question One
Research Question Two
Research Question Three
Sub Question A
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
Conclusions
Implications for Practice/Research
Student Questionnaire
Informed Consent Form
Budget
Educational Course Outline
From the Paper
"There are some sections of the sport world who believe that the risk of significant side effect from the use of anabolic steroids has been grossly overstated. It is probably more correct to state that studies in this area are really few and far between, and when studies have been carried out the data retrieval is difficult and there is very little in the way of side effect reporting. It therefore makes it difficult to predict the level of harm which may be related to the use of anabolic steroids, but some can be theorized and therefore monitored for. In females who use the drugs, the masculinizing effects can be damaging to features and fertility. It is also important to understand that many of these drugs are not adequately regulated, and as a result many athletes end up using counterfeit products, which carry no safety data or warning labels."
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Cycle Ergometry, 2005.
Examination of the validity of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) prediction equation to estimate submaximal VO2 during cycle ergometry in cyclists and aerobically-trained non-cyclists.
1,748 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This study examines the validity of the ACSM prediction equation for estimating oxygen consumption during submaximal cycling in aerobically trained males. The alternate hypothesis of this study is that the estimated vs. actual VO2 during submaximal cycle ergometry would be similar from 50-200 W. A secondary focus analyzes and compares the accuracy of the equation between two distinct groups of subjects (trained male cyclists vs. aerobically-trained male non-cyclists).
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The results of this study suggest that the ACSM cycle ergometry prediction equation is most accurate at moderate workloads (~100-150 W). Furthermore, training status has no effect on the predictive value of the equation. Further studies on the effects of training habitus should be fashioned to include a larger sample with greater distinction in training volume, i.e. cycle ~200 miles/week vs. sedentary. Based on the current sample size, subtle differences are very difficult to observe. However, this study provides a strong basis for the direction of future research in this area."
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Professional Athletics, 2004.
An analysis of the career of professional athletes, with a focus on necessary financial and retirement planning.
3,226 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the current situation in relation to the job duration of today's professional athlete. The paper examines the amount that is optimal for the savings plan of the professional athlete who intends to ensure a retirement that is at least financially stable, if not productive or in the best case, lucrative. The paper includes charts and tables of salaries, amounts needed to save and amounts currently saved if available. Further the paper explores whether today's professional athlete is receiving proper advisement in the area of financial matters by mentors in the athletics field.
Outline
Objective
Methodology
Introduction
Literature Review
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"The International Foundation for Retirement Education or InFRE believes that one of the "foremost responsibilities are to promote the need for education and or advice from well-qualified retirement professionals." Further the Foundation (InFRE) believes that there is more to counseling individuals competently in terms of their retirement that assisting them in being able to communicate about investments, asset allocation, securities laws and the such. The InFRE organization has been in the process of working with elected officials in the initiative to offer education in the subject. The work entitled "Managed Accounts Model Makes 401(K) Advice Affordable, Easy and Unbiased" states that the "primary focus of the financial services industry" has been in signing individuals up but after that point had "largely left them to their own devices." (Henkel, 2002) The Foundation (InFRE) states that it is not the industry's fault entirely but also the employees who have access to advice concerning their retirement and don't utilize it. The question at hand is whether or not professional athletes receive proper advice or any advice as to their planning of finances for the future in terms of their retirement."
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Strength Training, 2005.
A study looking at the concept of strength training with weights within the physical education (PE) curriculum.
11,824 words (approx. 47.3 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 229.95
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Abstract
This study examines the issue of whether strength training is beneficial or harmful to children and whether it should be included as part of the physical education curriculum. The paper attempts to shed light on the misconceptions about strength training and children and to demonstrate that, if done properly, strength training is indeed beneficial to children even as young as age seven. The paper examines the options available for children concerning strength training and how it can be implemented in the PE curriculum.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Rationale for the Study
Delimitations of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Reliability and Validity of the Data
Overview of the Study
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Rationale for the Methodology
Data Collection Procedures
Analysis of the Data
Summary, Recommendations, and Conclusions
From the Paper
"The issue of weight training and young children is one that has been misunderstood for many years. There are individuals that study it and discuss how significant it is, and there are others that see it as some kind of made-up problem that is really not important enough to focus on. Both of these are valid points of view but, in recent years, it has generally been accepted that weight training for young children should exist, and that the study of it is important. Unlike standard weight training, weight training for young children is something that few researchers have focused on, but there is evidence that children as young as seven years old can benefit from it in some way."
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Gender and the Media, 2005.
A brief analysis of the media portrayal of the sexes.
916 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the depiction of males and females in popular media is in a constant change of flux, partly based on inaccurate stereotypes and partly through the very real diversity seen in both sexes. It looks at how, throughout childhood, many influences play on the developing child's opinion of how boys and girls and men and women, should act and, in particular, the paper looks at the influence of television and sport.
From the Paper
"Babies, when born, have no inherent knowledge about how girls and boys, men and women, are "supposed to act." They learn their cultural roles from the culture around them -- their adult and older-child role models, and more and more, through the media. As one writer quoted Blum, "Nothing in biology labels behaviors as right or wrong, normal or abnormal. Any stereotypes we impose on children -- and by extension, adults -- are purely cultural, not biological" (Abels, 2002). Depiction of males and females in popular media is in a constant change of flux, partly based on inaccurate stereotype but partly reflecting the very real diversity seen in both sexes."
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The Nike Corporation, 2005.
This paper discusses the international business of the Nike Corporation.
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Nike began in the 1960s when Bill Bowerman handcrafted track shoes for his team at the University of Oregon and Phil Knight developed a business plan at Stanford University business school; Nike started exporting of its product in 1989. The author points out that Nike is developing a golf equipment company and its soccer boots became the biggest seller in the largest five European countries in the 4th quarter of 2004. The paper concludes that it is vital that Nike continues to make progress in improving the working conditions in its third-world country manufacturing plants as well as adjusting the labor costs to a range that is "fair" for these employees.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
In the Beginning - Nike Corporation
Growth and Expansion
Financials
Nike Corporation Strategy
Community Service
Complications in Production
SWOT Analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats)
Competitors
Future Outlook
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Nike owned subsidiaries are Converse, Inc. a designer, marketer and distributor of footwear, apparel, equipment as well as accessories for an array of fitness and sports activities. Bauer NIKE Hockey Inc. is a leader in the design and distribution of hockey equipment; Cole Haan is a leading designer as well as marketer of designer luxury shoes, purses, accessories as well as coats; Hurley International LLC is a designer, marketer and distributors of athletic footwear as well as designing and marketing apparel for the value chain retail."
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Title IX: Women?s Sports, 2005.
Discusses how this 1972 legislation affects women's sports, especially at college level.
1,688 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The 1972 legislation Title IX, one of 13 amendments to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, launched a revolution in the way that federally funded schools treat women in athletic programs. This paper examines how research fails to show that female athletes get the status, respect and approval that athletic participation brings to males. The paper argues that decades after the passage of Title IX, few colleges have adequately met standards for gender equity in school sport.
From the Paper
"Title IX was the start of two decades of significant athletic progress in academic institutions and beyond. In women's college sport, the number of intercollegiate athletes in the United States rose from 16,000 to over 160,000 between the early 1970s and late 1980s (Cahn, 1999). Along with this dramatic increase in numbers, women athletes enjoyed far greater acceptance and appreciation, as more and more female athletes became household names and famous celebrities."
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Nike, 2005.
Examines how this sport gear company is faring in the contemporary market.
2,046 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
Nike recently made international news when it announced the retirement of its long time CEO and co-founder, Phillip H. Knight. This paper examines how Nike overcame the potential trouble that a change in leadership might bring to a company and discusses its recent mergers, international labor scandals and its focus on women's sports and sponsorships.
From the Paper
"The world of professional sports is changing as the title 9 generation matures and the athletes born of this collegiate market reach the age of professional sports involvement. The impact is significant, and can be seen all over the advertising world, as non-apparel companies like Gatorade have now built entire memorable campaigns around the fit and fantastic image of women athletes. Nike has been one of the first to realize the fundamental change within the market and capitalize on it. This is all part of its substantial ability to create and bolster change within the trends of professional sports and evolve as a company bent of growth and evolutionary change, in both market and global responsibility. (Washington and Karen 187)".
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Female High School Soccer Players, 2005.
A study on the benefits of aerobic and anaerobic training on the performance of female high school soccer players.
8,893 words (approx. 35.6 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 185.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to look at aerobic and anaerobic conditioning and exercise. Female soccer players are used for this study and the results of how well they do on specific tests are measured. The study also examines whether those that perform better on these tests are also better soccer players and concludes whether this type of training and exercise has an effect on the performance of female high school soccer players.
Introduction
Demographics
Background of the Study
Who am I as a Teacher?
How did I get to be that Way?
How did I get Here?
Personal Motivation
Rationale
Teacher Action Research
The Study
Purpose of the Study
The Research Question
What are the Issues and Concerns?
Overview
Review of the Literature
Procedures
Overview
Initial Testing
Test #1 - 1 Mile Run
Test #2 the Coopers Test
Test #3 40-yard Sprint
Test #4 300-yard Shuttle
Test #5 200-yard Dash
Test #6 400-yard Test
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Marple Newtown School District is a suburban Philadelphia school district in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in a community of approximately 35,000 people, most of who are involved in business and the professions. There are approximately 3,500 students enrolled in grade K through 12. Accelerated and advanced placement courses are offered in all academic areas. The academic curriculum of the district reflects the strength of traditional programs while meeting the changing needs of a technological society."
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