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International Finance, 2008.
This paper looks at international finance and discusses national reserves.
1,117 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the central bank, which is one of the most important institutions in a country and whose main responsibility is the national monetary policy. The writer notes that many countries can improve the efficiency of their foreign currency reserve by investing the money and generating a return. The writer also points out that, on a global level, the increased efficiency of a central bank's use of reserve would translate into a reduction of financial crises, which would allow institutions such as the International Monetary Fund to redirect its funds to countries that are not yet capable to reach financial stability as well as design policies for those countries targeting their future stability. The writer notes that these are usually third world countries or developing countries with endemic corruption and political instability.
Outline:
The Central Bank - Roles
Reserves Policy - Evidence from Developing Countries
Central Banks and Foreign Currency Reserve Policy Efficiency
From the Paper
"A healthy reserve policy can overcome financial crises, such as those related to the country's balance sheet. Korea stands as a good example in this direction with its 1997 crisis. Investment banks started to borrowed short maturity foreign currencies and invested them in Korean won assets after the market deregulation in 1990. The same banks invested in foreign securities Russian bonds and by the end of 1997 the value of these obligations exceeded Korea's foreign currency reserves. In the context of a general fall of Asian currencies, the investors started to sell the Korean won, which eventually devaluated the national currency and forced the authorities to resort to the International Monetary Fund. The problem was not that Korean wasn't solvent, but that it wasn't liquid and this crisis could have been avoided, if the authorities hadn't let the national liquidity deteriorate so much since the beginning of 1990s."
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Women in Ancient Athens, 2008.
This paper considers the theories of Frederick Engels regarding the position of women in ancient Athens.
1,216 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the limited rights of women in archaic Athens regarding ownership of property. The paper looks at Frederick Engels belief that women's oppression was an unnatural consequence of property relations and was essential for the survival and the privileges of men. The paper therefore shows how Engels' theory on the oppression of women confirms the formal and legal position of women in archaic and classical Athens.
From the Paper
"Law in ancient Athens forbade a woman from engaging in business transactions with money value in excess of five or six days' food for her family (Thompson 2005). Buying anything beyond that required the approval of a male guardian. Ownership of property was likewise complicated and frustrating to her. She might have owned and used a slave, clothing, furniture and jewelry every day but she could not sell or give any of them. She might have claim over land but had no right either to use or sell it. Her rights over property did not mean or include ownership (Thompson)."
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Management Responses to Change in OSHA Regulations, 2008.
A review of planning and controlling functions in management situations.
1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how management in the private and public sectors respond when the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) changes its regulations. The paper looks at OSHA regulatory changes and offers an evaluation of management theories and strategies from both the planning and controlling functions of management.
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From the Paper
"The Planning function that management is obliged to work through should begin with the notion that leaders are "proactive" and accept change - even create change - rather than reacting to it, according to the Management / Supervision unit in the Dallas County Community College District (DCCC). So, the point here is, whenever possible management should already anticipate changes in OSHA rules when possible; the future "...requires corporate leadership" that has the kind of skills "to integrate many unexpected and seemingly diverse events into its planning" strategies. That having been said, it is not likely that management can accurately anticipate what new rules and regulations OSHA is likely to put into place at any given moment. But through strategic planning - which includes analyzing a company's mission, its goals, its customer base and the allocation of its resources - management should be better prepared to anticipate what to do when changes in the OSHA legislation are handed down. Rather than using strategic planning only on an annual basis, the DCCCD supervision module asserts that strategic planning should be continuous process, to "permit quicker response to changing conditions" - precisely what happens when OSHA rules suddenly are amended or revised. Moreover, a strong management team - that has embraced strategic planning strategies regularly - should be able to see OSHA rule modifications coming when a workplace accident occurs in a corporation that produces items or products in a similar marketplace. If unsafe conditions resulted in injuries somewhere else, management in all other venues with similar workplace environments should begin making preparations in order to address and respond to upcoming changes in OSHA rules."
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The Republic of Lebanon, 2008.
A look at the issue of public administration in the Republic of Lebanon.
2,253 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses public administration in the Republic of Lebanon,
noting that the system is widely known for its corruption scandals, its high level of inefficiency, as well as its weak ties with the people it serves. The paper then provides a description of the current situation of public administration there and discusses the issue in the framework of the "ethical problem-solving model".
Description of the Public Administration in Lebanon
Analysis
Decision
From the Paper
"According to a 2003 Report of Transparency International, the most important nongovernmental organization following up on the corruption related issues concerning the countries of the world, Lebanon was place on the 78th position out of 133 countries surveyed in relation to the corruption index (United Nations, 2004). The same source indicates that the "numerous corruption cases on the Lebanese and international public opinion, (...) red tape in the administration and the frequency of bribery, not resolving corruption cases, such as that in the ministry of agriculture, embezzlement in Al-Madina Bank, and accusations of mismanagement in the Electricite du Liban would negatively impact respondents perceptions of corruption in Lebanon" contending that the most important element affecting the perception of the individual, as well as the general perception of the international forces accessing the country is the corruption and the lack of efficiency of the Lebanese administration (2004)."
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Risk Assessment in the Fire Service, 2008.
This paper discusses levels of acceptable risk in the fire service since the 9/11 terrorist attacks.
2,192 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that in the aftermath of September 11, 2001, the level of acceptable risk changed and the public demanded action. The paper provides a review of some of the recent fire events that have sparked a public outcry and outlines what steps were taken in response to public demand. The paper shows how over time, public pressure tends to focus attention on the worst offenders in any type of disaster-related trends in an effort to raise the acceptable level of risk involved.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, many observers were heard to comment that, "Things would never be the same again," and in many ways they were right. One of the more pressing issues to emerge since September 11 has been the call for improved security and communications across the country to help first responders better cope with the mayhem and chaos that are natural concomitants of such events. Establishing an acceptable level of risk for fire hazards following the highly publicized collapse of the World Trade Center is a risk assessment responsibility, but it has been heavily influenced by the risk management demands of all of the stakeholders involved, which is to say the American public."
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The Tamil Tigers, 2008.
An analysis of the terrorist group the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, aka Tamil Tigers).
2,247 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), otherwise known as the Tamil Tigers, represents one of the most imbedded terrorist organizations in the world and how it is recognized as a terrorist organization by India, Malaysia, USA, Canada, UK and Australia. Protecting against the terrorist activities of the LTTE presents many challenges to the FBI and other organizations that are committed to protecting the interests of the United States. The paper examines the profile of the LTTE and supports the thesis that the Tamil Tigers are unlike a typical terrorist group, but rather an organized foreign government and how treating the LTTE as a government entity represents the most effective strategy for countering terrorist measures by this group.
Outline:
Background
Objectives
Formal Organizational Structure
Funding
Strategy
Methods
Short Threat Assessment
Feasible Countermeasures
From the Paper
"The organization of the Tamil Tigers supports the thesis that this group is a foreign government, regardless of whether Sri Lanka recognizes it as such or not. The LTTE considers itself to be a separate government entity and its level of organization supports its claims. One of the key factors to strength and influence of this group is the organizational structure. The organizational structure of the LTTE differs from that of other terrorist organizations. Most terrorist organizations can be classified as either military or political. Political groups tend to have a strong sense of purpose, yet may lack the military structure to carry out their objectives. Military organizations may have an established hierarchical structure and central leadership. However, they may not be as clearly focused on the key objective. "
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Fire Department Trends, 2008.
This paper explores the new trends in fire departments with regards to terrorism.
3,279 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses fire services' change in attitude to the potential threat of terrorism and pinpoints several trends that have emerged in fire departments throughout the country. The paper discusses the emphasis on the accumulation, dissemination and sharing of information that could help in fighting terrorism. The paper also talks about the extended role of the fire service in the investigation of possible terrorist threats. In addition, the paper discusses the tendency towards interactive communications and networking between different sectors of the security and emergency establishment and the sharing of expertise between different agencies.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Overview and Background
Central Trends in Fire Services
Summation and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The events of the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001 have had a profound affect on all aspects of the security and emergency services in the United States. This is especially the case with regard to the fire services and departments in the country. Fire departments are often perceived as being in the forefront of any disaster or terrorist attack and as a result, there has been an "evolution" in this sector since 2001. This includes aspects such as the increased access to information and intelligence and the sharing of this information between various security organizations and institutions. The fire departments have also embarked on a new initiative to network and share information and expertise with other intuitions as well as increase training in aspects such as bioterrorism."
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Alien Tort Claim Act, 2008.
This paper discusses the United States Alien Tort Claim Act that is considered to be one of the most innovative pieces of legislation in the area of human rights protection.
3,017 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in order to have a proper view on the importance of the Alien Tort Claim Act, a closer analysis must be taken into consideration. In this sense, the writer points out that the history of the Act in itself may point to the actual necessity for the drafting of the legislation. Also, the writer looks at points which might shed light on the usefulness of the Act as well as on the philosophical discussion on the relationship between civil and political rights and the economic, social, and cultural ones. The writer discusses that the Alien Tort Claim Act takes into consideration the violations of human rights made by multinational companies or different agencies around the world.
From the Paper
"Speaking in general terms, it is rather hard to determine the extent to which a non binding type of protection is more efficient than a binding one. A possible combination of the two systems of protection can be said to benefit more than an actual separation or differentiation because the protection considered by multinational companies or national legislation on the other hand appears to be more efficient due to the fact that their goals are limited but also their resources, financial and legal, are stronger.
"The UN protection system has been set in place in order to give general guidelines on the proper practices that should be followed to insure a minimum standard of human rights protection. The UN Charter, along with subsequent documents that came to underline particular aspects of the document are relevant for pointing out the minimum requirements any system, political or corporate, must meet."
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Iraq War and Law, 2008.
This paper looks at the current international law system as it relates to the Iraq war.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that following the end of the Second World War there was an acute need to rethink the legal framework in which the atrocities similar to the ones that marked the tragic context of the first and second world conflagrations could be punished more severely. In this sense, there were a series of conventions and legally binding acts which tried to create a bonding obligation for the signing states to refrain from violent acts against civilians and other participants to wars. Nonetheless, the writer points out that taking into account the latest developments in the war in Iraq, there are serious doubts over the degree in which the legal system available to date is able to offer a comprehensive framework of protection.
From the Paper
"Therefore, the Geneva Conventions of 1949 represent a legal system consisting of four acts: They are: the Convention for the amelioration of the condition of the wounded and sick in armed forces in the field; the Convention for the amelioration of the condition of wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea; the Convention relative to the treatment of prisoners of war; the Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war.
"Despite the obvious complexity of the system set in place and of the areas under discussion, the historical context showed that the Conventions lacked a comprehensive and efficient approach of the legal matters on which they focused. In this sense, there was no clear distinction between the civil war and the liberation war. Thus, taking into account the fact that most conflicts following the Second World War were intra state wars, it was hard to determine whether the conventions would be applicable in cases such as the Korean War, the Vietnam experience, or even the Arab Israeli conflict."
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Public Administration USA: Florida, 2008.
A discussion of how to improve public administration in the state of Florida.
1,722 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how to ensure effective, competent and successful public administration in Florida. The writer explains that finding the right employees with the right skills is key to enabling the government to strengthen its ties with the community and with business partners and other organizations. The writer discusses the importance of technology in this process and the necessity of training government managers to hire the right people.
From the Paper
"Some important information reveals that human resources or human capital is more important to governments today than financial capital, technology and other critical factors. As businesses begin and continue to expand and companies work harder and harder to recruit talented individuals and keep them, government agents must step aside and consider whether their policies and procedures are keeping the good people in or preventing them from coming in. It is critical that the government of Florida provides service to the people living in Florida and the people visiting Florida that meets and surpasses their expectations."
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