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Religion and Culture, 2004.
This paper presents brief descriptions of three religions, Roman Catholic, Christian Scientist, and Buddhist, and the culture of three countries, Spain, Vietnam, and India.
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the religion of Christian Science impacts the health care of religionists because Christian Scientists generally choose not to consult doctors, use medicine, and even refuse vaccines unless mandated by law. The author points out the extensive influence of the Spanish culture, with Roman Catholicism as the main religion that is prevalent in Spain and several other countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Columbia, Cuba, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Equatorial Guinea, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay, and Venezuela. The paper relates that the main religion practiced in India is Hinduism, though India has large population segments that follow the Christian and Islamic faiths. The most commonly followed traditions are those that are linked to popular Hindu festivals, such as Diwali or the festival of lights, which is celebrated every year to mark the anniversary of Lord Ram?s return to Ayodhya from exile.
Table of Contents
Religions
Roman Catholic
Christian Scientist
Buddhism
Cultures
Spain
Vietnam
India
From the Paper
"The Roman Catholic religion believes in the Holy Trinity of a creator God the Father; Jesus Christ, His Son; and the Holy Spirit. Other beliefs that characterize the religion are the original sin; the forgiveness of sin; the second coming of the Lord; and life after death. Given its belief in sin, the religion offers the hope of salvation through its sacraments and baptism. Infant baptism is encouraged to erase the original sin and as a start to a spiritual life through the Church. In addition, the Roman Catholic Church holds that the mass is a continuation of the sacrifice made by Christ and thus teaches the doctrine of transubstantiation or that the bread and wine at communion actually become the body and blood of Christ. Generally, the religion has no dietary restrictions. However, it advocates abstaining from meat and meat products on Ash Wednesday and the Fridays of the month of Lent."
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Socially Constructed Geography, 2004.
Challenges the idea that the landscape of America, prior to its discovery, was a pristine wilderness untouched by humanity.
1,814 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the long-held belief and idea taught about American geography: that America was a wild and free paradise conquered by champions and pioneers of freedom and adventure. The paper argues that this perception is merely a socially constructed view of geography designed to play into the cultural idealism that promote a heritage of man overcoming extreme obstacles to attain glory and recognition. The paper also contends that the landscape of America was, in fact, more inhabited and developed before the discovery of America by European explorers because of the presence of Native Americans than it was after the discovery.
From the Paper
"As a society, humans by nature relate to the world and define norms by identifying with the environment around them. In America for example, the foundation for the society was built on idealisms that suggested that the first entrants into this society were pioneers, overcoming a vast wilderness and pristine landscape in order to build the foundation upon which modern society now reigns supreme. People by nature identify with social constructed realities that bring them together in a communal and socially responsible manner. In order to help civilians learn about society and social norms, it is often necessary to deconstruct and reconstruct the geographic landscape of a land to build a culture from a blank template."
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Angola and Belgium, 2004.
This paper is a cultural and political comparison of Angola and Belgium.
1,045 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although both nations have French-speaking elements to their cultural and history for geographical and colonial reasons, the cultural elements and characteristics of the African nation of Angola and the European nation of Belgium are more striking in their differences than in their similarities. The author points out that Angola is still unstable and unsuitable for travel; whereas, Belgium is a European nation primarily known for its relative state of peace and ability to attract tourism and foreign investment. The paper relates that both nations are remarkable for their existence within the crossroads of a multi-ethnic and complex political struggle for dominance, one on the European continent and the other on the African continent.
From the Paper
"Angola similarly was torn, as ?the end of hostilities is just the first step in Angola's journey of a thousand miles. War leaves scars: millions of displaced, homeless, maimed, orphaned, starving and diseased Angolans. This means no infrastructure, poor roads, crime, graft, up to eleven million landmines - and a glimmer of hope.? Unlike the recent history of Belgium, however, the damage that diversity has caused to the infrastructure of Angola has been physical rather than ideological. The nation is so marked by civil war, its damaged internal infrastructure of shipping and transportation perhaps the most striking feature that must be addressed to rebuild the nation."
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Demographics of Malta, 2004.
A brief paper examining the diverse demography of Malta.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the current demography of Malta. It looks at how the Maltese have an amazingly homogeneous society, despite millennia of subjugation in their early history. Current figures are provided, and the history is also discussed.
From the Paper
"Malta has been described as a ?crossroads island? with a cosmopolitan, polyglot population ?reflecting the ?ethnic and linguistics mixtures of Phoenician, Arab, Sicilian and British colonial influences?.? (Baldacchino, 2002) In the late Middle Ages, the Maltese Islands were held by Aragonese and Castellan landlords, and, interestingly, spend a very long period?1530 to 1798?as the home base of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, a chivalric group that got started during the Crusades and subsequently built a theocracy that ruled Malta in a rudimentary version of the European Union. (Baldacchino, 2002) Perhaps, with this recent history, if not quite within living memory, it was relatively easy for at least half the Maltese to be willing to be the first island nation to vote in favor of membership in the European Union."
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The Republic of Burundi, 2004.
Explores the history and politics of this small central African nation.
1,764 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the elements of Burundi?s economic, political and social history, and realities in order to consider what economic opportunities exist for the country. This information is examined from a dependency theory framework in an attempt to present the information in an organized way. Dependency theory argues that, because of exploitation by outside economies, the economy of the developing country has been negatively affected, hindering growth.
From the Paper
"One of the outside influences on Burundi has been the tendency toward urbanization without an urban economic base to support it. Positive outside influences such as access to electricity, along with clothing, home appliances and efficient tools have been a draw, but in addition urban life brings negatives such as poor housing and even drug trafficking (Clark, 1998). Burundi, like many third world countries today, is experiencing urbanization without the employment and industrial structures to support the people who move to the larger towns and cities."
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Ferdinand Magellan and Circumnavigation, 2004.
Review of Martin Torodas's work about Ferdinand Magellan, "Magellan Historiography".
762 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the analytic methods used by Torodas in his work on Magellan. The paper points out that the scarcity of literature on the historiography of Magellan presents a problem for Torodas, which he confronts through historical, textual, and meta-analysis of available information. Through these methods, the paper asserts, Torodas assesses conflicts and parallelisms regarding the circumnavigation activities and life of Magellan and, consequently, is able to confront the primary issue in his article, which is to determine Magellan historiography despite its scarcity. The paper concludes by suggesting that Torados's study significantly contributes to the techniques and methods that historians must have to ensure that historiographies are conducted systematically and with rigor.
From the Paper
"The Age of Discovery that emerged in the 15th-16th centuries in Europe, led by Spain and Portugal, was marked and characterized by the prevalence of sea navigations to discover new lands or ?primitive? societies. These lands and societies were also potential colonies, wherein their territories could be expanded and resources exploited for the economic benefit of European countries. Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese-born Spanish explorer and navigator, played a significant role during this age, mainly because of contributions in establishing Spanish colonies in the islands of the Pacific. However, historiography on Magellan remains scarce despite his contributions and numerous journeys around the world. Torodas confronts this issue by discussing and analyzing related works of literature pertaining to not only the accomplishments and activities of Magellan as navigator and explorer, but also as the first individual to prove (empirically) that the earth is round, giving prestige to European navigation missions."
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Venezuela and the United States, 2004.
Explores the environmental, geographical, and societal similarities between the United States and Venezuela.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the geography, natural resources, history, cultural aspects, environmental issues, economy, and politics of the United States and Venezuela.
From the Paper
"Venezuela sits on the northern part of eastern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea. Its area, about 912,000 sq km, makes it about twice the size of California (CIA, 2004a). Within that area. Venezuela has mountains (the Andes), lowlands, plains, and highlands, with its highest point the mountain Pico Bolivar, about 5,000 meters high. Its climate is almost entirely tropical although the highlands have more moderate temperatures. The country?s natural resources include petroleum and natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, and diamonds (CIA, 2004a). Venezuela has some hydro-electric power."
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Colombia and the United States, 2004.
This paper discusses the geographic, socioeconomic, and cultural differences between Colombia and the United States.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that United States and Colombia share a hemisphere, a legacy of European colonization, rough equivalents in terms of life expectancy and literacy, and both appear to be waging two wars at the same time; however, the comparison largely ends there. The author points out that Colombia is treading a very thin line as it seeks to balance the need to continue to pursue its aggressive economic reforms while prosecuting untenable wars against the drug traffickers and insurgents who continue to represent a major threat to the political stability of the nation. The paper stresses that, if stabilized, Colombia could become one of the leading industrialized nations of the world, based on its hard-working and highly literate population.
Table of Content
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Table 1. Comparison of Colombia and United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Today, Colombia still strongly reflects its legacy as a colony of Spain, and is frequently referred to as the most Roman Catholic of the South American countries; the majority of the Colombian people are proud of the relative purity of their Spanish language. The country?s population is heavily mestizo, a term which describes those of European and Indian descent; there are also significant minorities of European and African ancestry. The country?s economy is traditionally agricultural based, especially its world-famous coffee as well as fruit production; however, industries and services are assuming increasing importance. Colombia has the most population of any of the Spanish-speaking nations in South America; more than one-third of its inhabitants live in the six biggest metropolitan areas, of which Bogot? is the largest. Despite the advantages of climate and an abundance of natural resources, Colombia?s political instability has been historically linked with the inequitable distribution of wealth, and the illicit trade in drugs (primarily cocaine) continues to represent a major challenges to the stability of life in Colombian life."
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The Argentine Republic, 2004.
This paper is an economic analysis and projection for the Argentine Republic.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Argentina enjoys a wide range of natural resources, a highly literacy rate, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base; on the other hand, the country has suffered recurring economic problems of inflation, external debt, capital flight, and budget deficits over the past 10 years. The author points out that, unlike the rest of the continent to the north,which lies within the tropics, Argentina lies almost completely within the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere. As a result, the country enjoys excellent weather. The paper concludes that, notwithstanding the Argentine government?s history of poor economic management practices, it appears things are looking up; investors at home and abroad may look at Argentina in the future if the government can just avoid the same types of mistakes it has consistently made in the past.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Analysis
People/Population
Climate and Geography
Historical Development
Major Development
Social Indicators
Economic Indicators
Recent Economic Performance
Economic Crisis
Economic Ties with the Rest of Latin America
Recovery Strategy Needed
Future of Argentina
Conclusion
The World Bank Group Competitiveness Indicators
From the Paper
"The government efforts to achieve a "zero deficit," to stabilize the banking system, and to restore economic growth proved too little too late and the peso's peg to the dollar was abandoned in January 2002; the peso was floated in February 2002 and the exchange rate plummeted and inflation skyrocketed. By mid-2002, though, the economy had stabilized but at a lower level than previously. A strong demand for the peso caused the Central Bank to intervene in foreign exchange markets to constrain its appreciation in early 2003. Further fueled by precedent-setting export levels, the country?s economy began to recover with output up 5.5% in 2003, unemployment falling, and inflation sliced to 4.2% by year-end 2003."
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Nigeria, 2004.
A brief overview of Nigerian culture, with a focus on food.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Nigeria is not so much like a nation, culturally speaking, but is more like a conglomerate of tribes and multiple histories; this has produced great novelists, musicians, and leaders in the 20th century. In particular, it looks at how some of the difficulties facing Nigeria are metaphorically found in its foodstuffs and how colonialism has eradicated traditional modalities of effective crop production and ways of agriculture in many of the nation?s regions.
Outline
Uniqueness of the Culture
Common Foods Used by the Culture
Major Religions of the Culture
Health Beliefs
Challenges, Problems in the U.S.
Conclusion About the Culture
From the Paper
"Because of the impact of colonialism specifically upon Nigeria?s food economy, creating an effective system of modern agriculture has been difficult for that nation. (DeGregori, 2002). Much has been debated in modern agricultural political dialogue, regarding the need to address the ravages of colonialism upon traditional African modalities of life with either importing new agricultural technology such as GM crops and seeds from developed nations, or a return to traditional foodstuffs and means of production."
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