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Health-Care in the Ukraine, 2002.
This paper discusses the post-communist reform of the Ukrainian health-care system.
2,190 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper analyses the post-soviet transformation of the institutions providing health care in the Ukraine, basing the study on various statistical tables. It addresses the lack of interest in the transformation of these institutions and lists reasons for this lack of interest. It discusses the change in management structure in the light of the basic economic indicators for the Ukraine. It tackles the problem of corruption in Ukrainian organizations, looks at the changes in the sources of finance of health-care and deals with the additional costs borne by patients. The paper concludes that the current situation concerning health-care is absolutely adequate to the general situation in the Ukrainian economy and that the reforms are unnecessary.
From the Paper
"There has been a noticeable lack of interest of western observers and reformers in the multiple transitions in health care in post-Soviet societies. The Ukraine is not an exclusion, since the country?s economy is obviously the major reason of all the problems it is witnessing nowadays. Therefore, in the western debate mostly the changes in the other sectors are considered. In, politics, for example, the emphasis has been made on the shift from dictatorship towards democracy. In economics, the focus is mainly stuck on transformation from centrally planned system to capitalism, or market economy, as well as on the inclusion in global markets. Moreover, in foreign policy, the attention is drawn to the implementation of openness to Europe from the suspicious attitude that existed before. Recently, interest has also extended to the phenomenon of crime and corruption in post-Soviet countries."
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The Cold War, 2002.
This paper describes the Cold War, one of the longest (nearly fifty years) and most frightening stand-offs when the world thought it was close to the edge of complete destruction.
3,655 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the origins, history and events of the Cold War. This paper examines the economic system differences between the two sides as the primary points of contention, suspicion and conflict. This paper states that, during the Cold War, the Soviet Union was never a match for the United States; the Soviet Union'stechnology and weaponry was a generation behind and, most strikingly, it was influenced heavily and kept in check by the United States itself.
From the Paper
"The Soviet Union propped up communist sympathetic states throughout the world including Cuba, Vietnam and Korea; but these states never developed independent or self-sufficient economies or political structures, unlike the puppet states supported by the United States. In February 1948, a coup toppled the democratically elected leaders of Czechoslovakia?the last of the Eastern European nations to maintain political independence from the Soviet Union. Poland, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Albania and now Czechoslovakia were absorbed into the Soviet orbit."
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Byzantine Art, 2002.
A discussion of Byzantine art as reflected in modern times.
819 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how even though the society that was Byzantine has faded from the annals of history and gone is the Eastern Empire of the Holy Roman Emperor and his vast influence over the ancient world, the cultural diversity, architectural prowess and masterful artwork of the time remain ingrained into the fabric of our society. It shows how this type of influence is evident in modern times by a city such as New York, considered to be ?cosmopolitan.? Along with worldliness comes an interest in all things aesthetic. The architecture of the Byzantine period distinctly reflects this influence. The glory of Byzantine is not an era bygone, but rather lives at present in modern cultural diversity, architecture and artwork.
From the Paper
"Most may think of luxury automobiles as having a modern futuristic bent, but the simplicity of the outside belies the splendor within. Granted there are no rotundas, pendentives, or cylindrical drums (Byzantine Architecture) present but within there is an abundance of opulence (television screens, highly polished wood paneling, leather, gold accessories etc) designed for paying tribute to the modern gods of money and status. Far fetched? Perhaps, but the suggestiveness and display of grandeur can not be ignored. "
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Byzantium and Rome, 2002.
A comparative analysis of the Byzantine and Roman empires.
1,255 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to analyze why Byzantium survived and Rome fell during approximately the same time period. It evaluates whether the introduction of Christianity to Byzantium and the effort to gain allies as the city grew were two important factors to its success and whether the fall of Rome had to do with its territorial attitude and its lack of morals and values both on individual levels and group levels. The diversity that was included in the city of Byzantium as far as ethnic and cultural traditions went also contributed to the support the city initially received. It concludes that all of these factors combined are what allowed Byzantium to survive as the Roman empire fell.
From the Paper
"When Rome became overcrowded, making it difficult for import and export transports as well as other issues many people moved to outlying areas, but wanted to stay within the familiar confines of what they were used to. The answer was easily found in Byzantium. A new and exciting area that had the foundational building blocks of successful Rome, but also the ability to correct Rome?s pitfalls and problems was found for those who moved to Byzantium. ?The imperial government was centralized and ordered. From the church and emperor to the peasant, ceremonies created a sense of order and stability for the members of Byzantine society."
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Neva Say Never, 2002.
A look at the effects of capitalism on Russia's economy and society.
2,470 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper provides an overview of Russia's bid to change from a communist to a capitalist economy.The paper discusses how its antiquated infrastructure presents major, but not insurmountable problems for the Russian people and their economy. As the infrastructure improves, the author of the paper believes that there will be more foreign investment and a greater infusion of foreign ideas and technologies. The paper shows that building up the infrastructure is not the only task facing the new Russia. Old ways of thinking frequently get in the way of modern capitalism. The paper examines how centuries of Tsarism, followed by an even more oppressive communism, have inculcated in the minds of the Russian people a distrust for authority, and yet, at the same time, a complete reliance upon it. They have developed a herd mentality, while at the same time each individual tries to be the one antelope who snatches the extra blade of grass. The paper shows how an inefficient regulation and an overly personal political and governmental structure mean that Russia, even after all these years, is still, in the main, a society built upon direct personal bonds. The paper suggests that the Russian Federation has great potential, but first it must move forward into the Twenty-first Century and into the heart of the Western World.
From the Paper
"According to the American steel producers, its Russian counterparts are stuck in a system that is midway between that of a state supported and state run system, and that of a free market economy. Often, Federation steel mills do not have to actually even pay for their supplies. They may simply barter for what they need. Furthermore, financial concerns are wholly different for the Russian manufacturer. Wages, taxes, and even suppliers? bills frequently go unpaid, and in spite of all this, there is little fear of bankruptcy. All of this is just the normal Russian way of doing business, an inheritance of more than sixty years of hard-line communism. One might call it the ?lazy? faire way of doing business. With no profit motive, and no competitive impetus, Russian manufacturers operated solely under the guidelines of government bureaucrats."
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Albanian Refugees from Kosovo, 2002.
A paper which traces the immigration movement of the Albanian minorities from Kosovo.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Albanians of Kosovo were forced to partake in a mass migration move due to the dramatic rise in the degree of ethnic animosity and violence in the region, threatening the very existence of minorities, Albanians as well as others. The paper explores the reasons behind the sudden increase in Albanians seeking to leave Kosovo, including the role which NATO's attacks on the region played in their leaving. Finally, the paper examines why Switzerland became the Albanians' chosen immigration destination.
From the Paper
"The best thing about the Swiss policy in regard to refugees is that they?re virtually no degree of discrimination in accordance to the manner, in which the refugees are treated in all aspects, this being apparent in light of the fact that once they cross the age of 16, all refugees are given a sum of CHF 3,250 [EUR 2,101] in order to attend language courses provided by private organizations. ? Furthermore, there are no restrictions implemented upon the refugees in terms of work, education, social welfare and citizenship too, the criteria for refugees being virtually the same as the one applying to citizens; A refugee who has been resident in Switzerland for at least 12 years may apply for Swiss citizenship."
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Jurek Becker?s ?Jakob the Liar?, 2002.
This paper discusses the role of the radio in Jurek Becker?s ?Jakob the Liar?, a Holocaust novel.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, $ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Becker?s novel ?Jakob the Liar?: Jakob, a Polish Jew in the Ghetto, finds himself a neighborhood hero by fabricating reports from his imaginary radio. The paper illustrate that the radio may not be real, but the impact Jakob?s radio reports have on the community is real: The inhabitants of this ghetto community now have a sense of hope as they are told of "reports" that the armies are coming to save them. The paper author feels that Becker?s use of the imaginary radio brings the reader into the reality of living in Jakob?s ghetto.
From the Paper
"In the case of Jakob and Lina, the radio brings these two people closer together. When Jakob ?plays? the radio for Lina, it is a moment that draws them closer and one of sincere comedy. These were bleak times, and the radio essentially brings hope and happiness to a neighborhood that faces the inevitable. These moments happen often within the first half of the novel, as the radio reports are a ray of light. "
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Survival of the Fittest, 2002.
A paper on the status of the economy of the former Communist nations working to survive in a free market economy.
1,387 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the current economic state of Eastern European countries as they emerge from Communism into free market economic systems. It shows the hurdles facing these economies as they struggle to grow - from corrupt leaders to broken down legal systems, from the lack of infrastructure to limited resources. This paper looks at these problems and asks what can be done to solve them.
From the Paper
"A few years after the collapse of the USSR the market began to emerge with vigor as inflation lowered and the rouble saw some semblance of stabilization. As living standards rose, it was assumed that the problems were over. The boom soon became invisible as in August 1998 the financial crisis created a national debt causing the rouble to become merely a quarter of its former value. Capitalists predicted the worst as the falling rouble caused the domestic productivity to increase and again the nation felt hope. Yet, past record has shown that the former communist economic conditions are worse than they seem. (Aslund, 2002)"
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Martial law in Poland in 1981, 2002.
A discussion of General Wojciech Jaruzelski's declaration of martial law in Poland in December 1981.
665 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the relationship between Poland and the Soviet Union at the time. It explains that Poland implemented martial law in order to avert a Soviet-led invasion.
From the Paper
"Jaruzelski did not try to justify his actions in 1981 beyond asserting the need to protect Poland, but he has spoken on the subject more recently. The Communist Party's monopoly of power was threatened by the rise of Solidarity, and Jaruzelski knew that the Soviet Union had not hesitated to use force to suppress an anti?Communist uprising in Hungary in 1956 and had done so again against the liberal "Prague Spring" in 1968."
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Germany and European Union, 2002.
An analysis of the unification of West and East Germany, its integration in the EU and how it affected the identity of the country.
745 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the current social, economic and cultural state of a United Germany. It looks at how the previously ultra nationalistic country has been used as an example by the EU to show that a country can maintain its own identity and still be part of a Greater Europe. Contemporary history of Germany is examined, since the collapse of the Berlin Wall until present.
From the Paper
"After the fall of Berlin Wall and the Unification of West Germany and East Germany, the United Germany due to its size and strength has often been perceived as the leader of the European Union. This situation and perception worries and annoys the other European Union members because of the German reputation in the past, in the World War. This problem which is often called the "German Problem" and as European members try not to hold past against Germany to such degree that it damages integration. The problem of European Security was the major concern and an essential determinant in all proposals and considerations on Germany's European integration. The image of Germany in the past was also a major consideration and its neighbors knew that a united Germany would emerge at some stage in the postwar developments, despite the fact that they would have prefer the partition to remain in post war Europe."
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