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TV Commercials and Children, 2008.
A review of the effects of television commercials on the eating habits of children.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses surveys which study the effect of TV commercials on children. The paper relates that the food industry has increased its advertising to all ages, including children, which is having a negative impact on their health. The paper suggests that companies should be held responsible for their influence on children, or at least present a more rounded view of food and nutrition. The paper also states that children have been bombarded by food marketing, which has resulted in higher rates of obesity. The paper ,after referring to various situations, concludes that a relationship has been found between television commercials and eating.
From the Paper
"A similar study was conducted in Europe, where children do not eat enough fruit and vegetables and where exposure to TV is negatively associated with the intake of these foods. This study by Klepp et. al. (2007) explored exposure to food commercials on TV in nine European countries with approximately 12, 750 children to determine the association between this exposure and attitudes toward eating fruits and vegetables. The authors state that the children report exposure more to more unhealthy foods than healthy ones such as fruits and vegetables. However, those who were exposed to fruit and vegetable TV ads were much more positively disposed toward eating these foods. These findings point to the important, and more positive, role that TV could play in supporting healthy eating messages."
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Children, TV and Video Games, 2008.
This paper looks at the effects of television and video games on children.
3,172 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that controls are placed on certain products and on advertising when targeted to children. The rules covering these regulations have changed over the yeas, based on perceptions of potential harm to children and the Internet age has raised new issues related to video and computer games, the content of which is often violent. The writer points out that television is a special case because it comes into the home and because controls can be imposed more easily as broadcasters must adhere to the requirement to serve the public in exchange for a license. Today, though, most people get television through cable, with many channels that are specifically for cable, and the same regulations and controls do not apply. The writer explains that this reduces the ability of government to pass and enforce rules on content for children. The writer notes that video and computer games are also widespread, though some regulations have been passed to reduce the ability of children to get such games if they are deemed to be not for children, largely through a ratings system with varying degrees of adherence to imposed norms. The writer maintains that concerned parents still want more rational and more effective controls on such content and a solution to the problem.
From the Paper
"Advertising on programs for children has been under fire for many years. Some object to images of violence, as with the sale of war toys or cowboy gear, and others object to unrealistic images of women, exemplified by products like the Barbie doll. Controversy has also centered on the very concept of developing the next generation of consumers, with some seeing television advertising to children as a way of creating a need where none existed and selling products that are not needed while accustoming children to the idea of being consumers. At some level, this can be a more abstract fear, not as clearly tied to a specific product or type of image, but it can be quite persuasive when one consider the number of ads directed at children, the way toys and other products are sold to children, and the way other products are geared to children, such as sugary cereals and soft drinks. Advertising to all markets increases at certain times of the year, notably in the fall into December, with advertising developed for Christmas and the buying season then and after as bargains attract buyers into the new year. An analysis of the commercials directed at a young audience for films, DVDs, and video games shows some of the selling methods and the appeal made to young people as well as the pervasive nature of such advertising messages, increasing as they do during the months before Christmas in order to increase sales of these products."
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The Cultural Role of Advertising on Society, 2008.
An analysis of the cultural role of advertising on society, as discussed by Sut Jhally in "Advertising at the Edge of the Apocalypse."
997 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Sut Jhally's article, "Advertising at the Edge of the Apocalypse," in which he tackles the issue of the cultural role of advertising. It discusses his arguments regarding the influence of ads on society and the power of advertising as a global phenomenon. The paper also looks at Karl Marx' definition of western societies and how it relates to Jhally's arguments.
From the Paper
"The definition provided by Margaret Thatcher to the concept of 'society' can help elucidate the ways in which advertising relates to society. Thatcher said, "There is no such thing as 'society'. There are just individuals and their families." This definition means that society is not to be perceived as an entity made up of its members, but as a large group of individuals who follow their own interests. This is, in fact, how advertising relates to the idea of society. Ads do not address this idealistic united body of people, but individuals. This capitalist view of society opposes Marx's view which holds that society is not a collection of separate individuals with competing interests, but of competing classes which are determined and defined in terms of their relationship to production. I believe that the definition provided by Margaret Thatcher is better suited to the issue of advertising, and it accurately reflects the world we live in. In this sense, I argue in favor of Thatcher's view on society because I think that in society we operate as individuals. This could also account for the ways in which advertising talks to us; as Jhally points out, advertising does not address our collective concerns such as healthcare or poverty, but our individual values which in turn, determine our pattern of consumption."
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Fashion Print Media, 2008.
This paper provides an examination of the relationship between fashion print media coverage and fashion public relations in the United Kingdom today.
52,254 words (approx. 209.0 pages), 69 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study aims at examining and understanding the relationship between fashion coverage within the UK print media and public relations with special attention to newspapers. The nature of fashion coverage is explored through content analysis of a cross section of UK newspapers, semi structured interviews with fashion PR professionals and industry insiders as well as through participant observation in order to identify the way fashion public relations as a discipline is applied and arguably the prime source for fashion print media coverage in the UK. Through careful examination of the strategies, methods and formulas applied by the fashion PR industry in order to promote fashion items and ensure print media coverage, the study contributes to knowledge by providing empirical foundation to the under researched area of fashion public relations. It adds to the existing knowledge emerging from other areas of public relations and draws attention to an important and established yet academically neglected part of the PR industry. The paper includes an appendix that contains interviews carried out with UK fashion PR professionals.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Chapter 2:
Fashion Public Relations and the Fashion Print Media in the UK
Chapter 3: Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Chapter 4:
Review of Literature
Chapter 5:
Fashion PR the Creator of UK Fashion Print Media Coverage
Chapter 6:
The Celebrity Connection
Chapter 7:
UK Fashion Industry: Facts and Statistics
Chapter 8:
Fashion Photography and Its Relevance to Fashion PR
Chapter 9:
Research Findings
Chapter 10:
Case Study: The Rise, Fall and Even Bigger Rise of Kate Moss - Fashion
PR at Its Best?
Chapter 11: Conclusions
From the Paper
"The fashion director sets the journalistic calendar for the whole year, which is more of a framework with room for changes. The various articles and features are discussed with the whole fashion team and the editors are briefed on what to research and write about, photo shoots are also being scheduled. Newspapers as opposed to magazines have a tight schedule and work approximately a week up to a few days in advance. The tabloids are the prime employers of fashion staff, they employ not just one fashion team but groups of journalists covering different fashion related subject areas.
"With the emergence of newspaper supplements, some of which have a fashion focus, some of which are entirely devoted to fashion, such as the Sunday Times Style Magazine, newspapers employ more fashion staff. There is usually a separate fashion team for the supplements, as well as freelance fashion writers who are also used frequently for specific features. They often function as outside experts that are brought in to write about certain fashion trends or items."
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Internet Based Businesses: Social Networking Sites, 2008.
A comparative essay on the marketing activities of Facebook and Hi15 internet websites.
1,217 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the activities of major Internet based businesses and points out the activities required for success. In its discussion the paper highlights two main players i.e. Facebook and Hi15networks.com and addresses the recommendations, major activities and successes of each by comparing their differences in marketing strategies.
Outline:
Overview
Facebook
Hi15
Marketing for e-Commerce
Hi15 recommendations
From the Paper
"Facebook is a social networking site that was once primarily targeted at the college and university student. For the past year the company has broadened its target market profile and become increasingly popular with professionals and businesses as well. Facebook earned revenues of between $100m to $150m during 2006 and the first part of 2007 primarily through an advertising partnership with Microsoft Corporation (Adegoke, 2007). Currently, Facebook is privately held and hence the difficulty in determining exact revenues. However, the company maintains in excess of 40m active account holders and receives in excess of 200k registration requests daily after just 3 years of existence (Adegoke, 2007). Facebook is highly successful and determined to continue to leverage its growing membership base and regular visitors in order to monetize its services."
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Children and Television Advertising, 2008.
This paper discusses the influence that television advertising has on children in particular with regards to sex and violence.
1,982 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the media's original purpose was to inform and entertain, but as technology grew, so did society's dependence on the media. The writer maintains that there was a time that media was a teacher and in many ways it still is, but the message currently being taught is not what we want our children to learn. The writer then goes on to examine some of the messages that advertising sends out to children about their bodies, their sexuality and alcohol and smoking. The writer also notes that the media affects children by making them more interested in sex, sexuality and addictive behaviors. The writer concludes that the messages that advertisements send are persuasive and influence the lives of children in a more negative than positive manner.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of Kids TV and Ads
Negative and Positive Associations
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"During prime time, advertisements children watch most frequently are full of sexual activity. Most of the sexual content in advertisements is from characters discussing their own or others' current or future sexual activity. The idea of sexual risk or responsibility, however, is almost never talked about or shown. In fact through sexual exploitive advertising the attention of children is sought after rigorously. Children who watch advertisements ultimately become the audience for shows they shouldn't be watching and products they shouldn't be using. The Joe Camel advertisements of the 60's and 70's on television affected the lives of teens negatively even after the cigarette companies were mandated through government legislation to pull their advertisements. Teenagers were already addicted--legislation came too late. "
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Propaganda, Advertising and Competition, 2008.
The paper analyzes the differences between propaganda and advertising in a capitalistic society.
3,911 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and differences between propaganda and advertising. It presents two contrasting models and many examples to show these similarities and differences. The paper concludes by claiming that although propaganda is different from advertising, advertising is not different from propaganda.
Outline:
Model or Paradigm Case
Contrary or Opposite Case
Borderline Case
Related Concept
Invented or Imaginary Case
Social Context
Practical Results
Results in Language
Interior Dialogue
Essay Outline
From the Paper
"Does propaganda depend on one's intent? To what extent is an aim of merely making people aware of something separate from other aims such as trying to get them to change their behavior, or their attitudes? This is a good related concept, because it shares features of advertising and some of the tools of propaganda, but can be done without any intent to change people. It changes the absolute nature of the concepts, and makes on question whether awareness isn't, in itself, a changed state of being--that could possibly change one's perceptions or future behavior, regardless of the intent of the publicist or PR professional's intention."
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Cell Phones - Images and Texts, 2008.
This paper discusses cell phones and looks at the relationship between images and text messages.
709 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between an image of a technology and a quote about the type of technology shown in the image. The writer notes that the image and the quote are from different sources, and the paper examines what each is trying to portray. The paper examines what the image and the text are conveying on their own, and whether there is something that an image can project that text cannot, and vice-versa. Finally, this essay examines what the image and the text would say if placed together.
From the Paper
"The image chosen for this assignment can be found at website textually.com which is a forum about texting and SMS. It is in the archives forum of cell phone etiquette. The image shows a young man dressed in a business suit talking on a cell phone, while he is surrounded by a cell-booth, or what can be described as being a mini-version of a phone booth. The image is intriguing and perhaps fun. It draws the viewer in, because there is no clear explanation given by just looking at the picture. The image is not an advertising image. It is ambiguous and seems to require some sort of text or quote for a more precise interpretation. "
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Body Images in GQ and Vogue, 2008.
This paper discusses magazine body images focusing on the ideas of active men and idle women.
972 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that magazine advertisements employ a wide array of methods to catch the easily distracted eye and send, within the brief period in which the reader actually looks at the ad, sophisticated messages about body images. The writer analyzes the implicit body image messages present in two very different magazines--one for a male audience, the other for female readers. The writer points out that the central argument is that male ads usually focus on the man's functional worth, as a worker, driver, or the like, while ads for women normally emphasize the woman's beauty and aesthetic value. The writer concludes that the message portrayed in the ads is that the worth of a man's body is relative to its utility and functioning power while a woman's body is measured by the tyrannical criteria of beauty.
Outline:
Introduction
GQ Ads
Versace suit ad
The designer shirt ads
Women's ads in Vogue Paris
A. Dining woman ad
B. The "Mountain Woman"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The top half of this specific ad (GQ 219) advertises an expensive designer shirt and, at first glance, the dinner table scenario seems fairly ordinary. However, this seemingly inoffensive ad reveals the same characteristics as the ad mentioned above. In it, a chiseled-faced male is dexterously carving and arranging the meal's meat course. His skilful performance with the instruments sparks the admiration of his attractive companion, who sits close to him and stares at his working hands with unqualified admiration. In the bottom half of the ad, this same couple is seated in a car (this ad, too, advertises the same garment) and it is not surprising to see that the man is operating the steering wheel while his companion looks on. These are not, obviously, incidental poses, and the proclivity to focus on the body's functioning abilities: driving, working, cutting, rather than on its aesthetic characteristics is clearly discernable in a large number of GQ's advertisements."
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Marketing Plan for Water Purification in India, 2008.
A presentation of the issues affecting a marketing plan for a new water purification system for India.
2,240 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a marketing plan for a water purification system for use in India. The paper cites the need for this water purification system and enumerates the current problems in India with providing clean water. It also describes the competitors and risks to the system, pricing and distribution. Finally, the paper discusses advertising and budgetary issues.
Table of Contents:
Product Description and Introduction
Goals and Strategy
Target Market
Competitors/Risks
Pricing
Channels of Distribution
Advertising, Sales Plans, PR Plans
Budget for Three Years
Budget
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It has cost $600 million in R&D to develop the product, and set up manufacturing operations in India. Our operational costs will be another $100 million annually. We are working on a fixed cost of $30 per unit, and initially $15 for marginal cost for a profit of $5 for each unit. Our advertising cost will be $40 million per year. Our profit will be $5 each unit. However, we are anticipating a operating loss our first year setting our sales at 100million units. We will make up that loss over the year two years, making 2million which still puts us as a net loss for year two, but recouping our investment in year three, by selling 200,000 units (a 50,000 increase in sales each year) In year three, we will make $260 million, which will make up for our $16million loss in year one."
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