| Papers [31-40] of 1889 :: [Page 4 of 189] | | Go to page : <— 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Birds and Their Role in Seed Dispersal Mechanisms, 2008.
An examination of the role of birds in seed dispersal in Wisconsin Arboretum, Pheasant Branch Conservancy and Baxter's Hollow.
1,105 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 38.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores seed dispersal mechanisms in three different plant communities. It focuses on the role of birds and the maintenance of plant biodiversity. The paper discusses seed dispersal in Wisconsin Arboretum, Pheasant Branch Conservancy and Baxter's Hollow. It also looks at the ways in which seed dispersal in these areas is dependent on animals.
Table of Contents:
Wisconsin Arboretum
Pheasant Branch Conservancy
Baxter's Hollow
From the Paper
"The overstory is dominated by cottonwood, boxelder and silver maple. The only apparent mechanism for seed dispersal is wind. Cottonwood and Silver Maple dominated, possibly due to their ease of wind dispersal. Nut trees were not found, possible due to the wetness of the forest floor. The forest floor is dominated by Bucktorn (80%) (Budyak et al, 2006). This is probably due to its ability to survive and germinate in wet environments, rather than due to seed dispersal mechanisms. Buckthorn is not a favorite of deer, which may also play a role in its dominance in the area. A majority of the seeds within the understory are easily wind dispersed such as Virginia creeper, sweet Cecily, and white avens. These species comprise the other 20% of the understory. Wind was the primary seed dispersal mechanism, with birds and animals playing a minor role in this area."
| |
|
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, 2008.
This paper looks at respiratory syncytial virus and its possible treatment.
2,476 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 75.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an RNA negative-sense stranded enveloped virus. The writer notes that infection with the virus is implicated in the condition bronchiolitis, which is a condition which affects predominantly infants. Often there is little need for laboratory diagnosis as the clinical symptoms and history allow for accurate diagnosis of the condition. The writer discusses the treatment of RSV that currently focuses on treatment of the condition's symptoms. This involves the use of anti-inflammatories to control the fever, and bronchodilators or corticosteroids to control the effects present in the pulmonary system. The writer concludes that there is currently no preventative vaccine for RSV although there have been developments relating to prophylactic medication which can be administered to at risk children.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Micro-Organism
Transmission
Symptoms
Pathology of the Disease
Onset and Incubation Period
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
From the Paper
"RSV is transmitted in respiratory secretions. This means that it may be contracted through close contact with anyone who has the infection, or contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. The fact that the virus is able to survive for only short periods outside the body reduces the probability of contracting the virus through contact with surfaces. Infection occurs when the infected respiratory secretions come into contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes, mouth or nose. It is possible that the disease may also be transmitted through inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of infectious persons.
"In areas which have the correct type of temperate climate to encourage proliferation, community outbreaks of RSV occur. These usually begin in the fall and may last from four to six months."
| |
|
Shark Attack: Realistic Fears or Hysteria?, 2008.
An exploration of the generally held conception that sharks will attack human beings with no warning or provocation.
2,031 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 64.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The conception that sharks are creatures dangerous to human beings and who will attack with no warning is a prevalent one. In this paper the author examines a number of incidents where sharks were reported to have attacked human beings and attempts to discover the reality between the reports and actual events. In addition, the author attempts to investigate the factors causing such attacks and to discover if, in fact, the shark is a "man eater"
From the Paper
"Under the stillness of even the calmest of seas an age-old drama plays out. Countless times, creatures designed for locating, stalking, chasing, and then tearing into living flesh closes in on its doomed prey. Its efficient design, mouth filled with teeth meant to sink into its prey and never let go, and its swimming speed, agility, and intelligence all but ensure hunting success. After a brief chase, a shark catches up to its prey, its jaws clamp down tightly, and it is all over: just in the same way that the bottle nosed dolphin that humans adore captures another helpless herring in its mouth."
| |
|
Population and the Environment, 2008.
This paper discusses the ecological impact of species' and humans' population growth.
744 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper describes community interactions between and among species that affects their continued viability. The paper then discusses how human activity and population growth alters global resources and other fundamental ecological elements of the biosphere far beyond the ability of any other species. The paper paints a picture of how humans contribute to the depletion, destruction, erosion and other dramatic changes to the ecological environment that are detrimental to nonhuman species, as well as to future generations of human beings.
Outline:
Population Growth, the Environment, and Community Interactions
The Effects of Human Activity on the Environment
From the Paper
"In principle, the relationship between population size and the environment is very simple and equally direct. Living organisms consume natural resources to provide for their energy needs. The specific mechanism through which they accomplish this vary substantially: some organisms consume other living organisms; some consume only other organisms' waste products, or scavenge their left-over consumables; still others manufacture their energy by synthesizing energy from sunlight and elements occurring naturally in the gaseous atmosphere."
| |
|
Genetic Testing: Forensic, Predictive and Carrier, 2008.
An examination of the goals and potential benefits of genetic testing in the areas of forensic testing, predictive testing and carrier testing.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This work seeks to examine genetic testing in the light of the potential contribution of genetic testing specifically in the area of forensic testing, predictive testing and carrier testing. The paper first defines genetic testing and then discusses its goals. The paper then looks at the potential benefits that can be gained from using genetic testing.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Genetic Testing Defined
Use Of Genetic Screening
Guidelines For Genetic Testing
Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing
Forensics Genetic Testing
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper
"Genetic testing applications offer great potential in today's society from early detection of disease, to exonerating the wrongfully accused, to identifying criminals that otherwise would have gone on to other commission of crimes, to paternity testing and the new possibility of correction of genetic abnormalities and this is only to list a few. Genetic testing has opened doors for scientific, medical health and prevention, and social advances in quality of life as well as water and food quality measures. Genetic testing is greatly beneficial in today's society."
| |
|
Genetic Testing, 2008.
This paper discusses genetic testing in forensic, predictive and carrier testing.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper defines genetic testing, looks at the screening and testing techniques and examines guidelines for genetic testing. The paper discusses mitochondrial DNA sequencing and describes what is involved in forensic identification via genetic testing.
Outline:
Introduction
Genetic Testing Defined
Use of Genetic Screening
Guidelines for Genetic Testing
Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing
Forensics Genetic testing
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Genetic testing is also referred to as 'gene testing' and 'DNA tests' and is a process by which the individual's DNA is examined. DNA is the material which genes are composed of which serve to determine the specific characteristics of living things. DNA determines the individual's features and as well, genetic testing has the capacity to detect particular genes in terms of whether they are present, absent, or altered and specifically in detection of chromosome abnormalities through laboratory testing."
| |
|
Living with Diabetes Type 2, 2008.
This paper studies the disorder of type 2 diabetes and looks at possible ways of managing to live with diabetes.
1,722 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that when an individual suffers from type 2 diabetes he is unable to produce enough insulin, which is needed for the body in order to be able to use sugar effectively, or his cells ignore the insulin that his body is producing. The writer maintains that it must be said that type 2 diabetes may be common enough, but for the patient who has been diagnosed with the disease, it can lead to great stress and trauma. The writer discusses that the stress and trauma can be alleviated to a certain extent through familial support and self care, but all the same, drugs and non-pharmacologic treatment and pharmacotherapy can be used in the treatment as well. The writer concludes that managing diabetes must be learned, and if the patient is trained in taking care of his disease after the requisite changes in diet, lifestyle and medicines, there is no reason why he cannot lead a long, full and happy healthy life.
Outline:
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Type 2 diabetes can be managed through a variety of different treatments: pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological. However, it may be up to the patient to help himself with self care, so that his disease remains under control, and so that it does not affect his internal organs adversely, over the long run. A physician has the option of using either pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment choices for his patient. He could prescribe lifestyle changes as well, in conjunction with a strict exercise regimen. Whatever he may decide, it is considered the physician's duty to make sure of offering his patient high quality and cost effective treatment, which would facilitate blood glucose control to optimum levels and also reduce the array of symptoms and complications that are generally associated with type 2- diabetes. Proper management of diabetes would no doubt dramatically reduce the morbidity and the mortality rates that are normally associated with type 2 diabetes."
| |
|
Co-Evolution, 2008.
An examination of the basis of the theory of co-evolution, including discussion of three community interactions.
1,053 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper researches and examines co-evolution. It discusses what co-evolution is, how it works and the biological principle of this theory. The paper also discusses the basis of this theory to include three different community interactions. It identifies and analyzes three factors affecting co-evolution in human beings that have typically been the focus of study - lifestyles, diets and diseases.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Organism And Microbiota Impact On Human Beings
Community-Based Co-Evolution Factors
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper
"This hazard may arise from the effects of generation of new species at a rapid rate that involves evolution that does not occur in unison with the world and environment and its living creatures but instead is an evolution independent of other living plants, species, and life. One such negative impact is noted by Wheelis et al to be "the potential for increased weediness among herbicide-tolerant crops." (1998) Stated as well is that interbreeding might result in the formation of hybrids resulting in genetic contamination of crops that are economically of importance and even lead to "extinction of native species or other species of local importance." (Wheelis, et al, 1998) Coe-evolution of human beings and microbiota is reviewed in the work of Dethlefsen, McFall-Ngai and Relman entitled: "An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective on Human-Microbe Mutualism and Disease" who state that the basic concepts are experiencing a rapid change in respect to the human microbiota as these were "first shown to cause disease in human in the 1800s however, eventually it was understood that the majority of the interaction between microbiota and humans in fact do not cause disease and that in fact, some of the microbiota are beneficial to human beings."
| |
|
Sickle Cell Anemia, 2008.
This paper discusses the genetic condition of sickle cell anemia.
826 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the genetic condition of sickle cell anemia, a life-long condition that causes defective red blood cells, which form sickle cell shapes upon becoming deoxygenated, rather than maintaining the usual disc shape. The writer explains that the deformity in shape prevents the red cells from moving easily through the blood vessels as normal cells would. The sickle-shaped cells tend to form clumps in the blood vessels and prevent the healthy cells from getting through. The writer discusses symptoms and diagnosis of the disorder as well as a possible therapy that mainly focuses on relieving the symptoms associated with the condition.
Outline:
Introduction
Genetics
Mechanism
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Therapy
From the Paper
"The main problems which will put the patient at risk in sickle cell disease are the sickle cell crises. These are an issue not only to the severe pain which they cause but also due to the damage which the blockage of blood vessels can cause when they occur in or around an organ. Pulmonary complications are a particular problem for sufferers of sickle cell disease, which are caused in this manner. Bacterial infections are also a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell sufferers as the function of the spleen is usually either compromised or entirely absent. Splenic sequestration is one of the most serious complications of sickle cell disease, in which the spleen swells and causes a significant drop in hemoglobin levels."
| |
|
Zinc in Poultry Feed, 2008.
This paper discusses the importance and the sources of zinc in poultry feed.
1,011 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that zinc is a necessary supplement in the diet of poultry as it is required for growth, bone development, feathering, enzyme structure and function, and is a necessary requirement for the stimulation of appetites of poultry. The writer points out that lack of zinc in the diet of poultry results in soft eggs shells, low weight as well as other measures of health including underdevelopment of organs in newly hatched chicks. The writer identifies two formulas of zinc supplements for poultry, specifically ZnO (72%) and ZnSO4 (36%).
Outline:
Introduction
Symptoms of Zinc Deficiency
Studies of Zinc in Chicken Diet
Availability of Zinc in Foodstuffs of Plant and Animal Origin
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The conclusions of this study state that the quantity of usable zinc is differential in casine-gelatin and soybean protein. When the chicks were fed nonfat milk, the growth rate of the chicks was slowed likely due to the imbalance of amino acid. The study notes that there was more availability of zinc in soybean meal than sesame meal believed to be due to the soluble factor present in soybean meal but not in sesame meals. Dried oysters caused too large of a weight gain and fishmeal zinc value is low accredited to be due to the presence of calcium in the fish meal with interferes with zinc absorption."
|
|
|