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Omar Khayyam, 2003.
A description of the life and works of the famous Persian Omar Khayyam.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the life of Omar Khayyam, born on 18 May 1048 at Nishapur, the provincial capital of Khurasan. The writer explores all aspects of his amazing life, as painter, mathematician, musician, writer and philosopher. The paper begins with his early life in Persia through to his death in Nishapur on 4th December 1131. The writer believes that Omar Khayyam was an outstanding astronomer and astrologer and his contributions to this field are invaluable still today. The paper includes a number of drawings of the man and examples of his writing.
From the Paper
"Omar Khayyam was well known as a poet, philosopher, mathematician, astronomer and physician. His full name was Ghiyath al-Din Abu?l-Fath Omar ibn Ibrahim Al-Nishapuri al-Khayyami. A literal translation of the name al-Khayyami means ?tent maker? which maybe derived from his father?s trade or he may have practiced this skill at one time. Khayyam played on the meaning of his own name when he wrote; ?Khayyam, who stitched the tents of science, Has fallen in grief?s furnace and been suddenly burned, The shears of Fate have cut the tent ropes of his life, And the broker of Hope has sold him for nothing!?."
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Astronomical Distance Ladder, 2004.
An insight into the theory and development of the astronomical distance ladder.
885 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the issues surrounding the discovery and refinement of the astronomical distance ladder, beginning with a brief account and definition of the ladder itself before moving onto a definition and discussion of the insights of Edwin Hubble. After considering Hubble?s contributions, it then discusses the developments offered by new scientists attempting to pin down the Hubble Constant in their work. The astronomical distance ladder is a device used by astronomers to measure distances between objects in space. The basic premise of the ladder is that, since we cannot measure distances directly, we make our distance observations based on distances that are already known.
From the Paper
"As regards the Astronomical Distance Ladder, this was a huge and important step in the direction of the debate. Previous understandings of distance were based largely on the intensity of objects, and the nineteenth century standard generally held to the idea that ?faintness means farness,? but the Hubble constant and its revelation of a constantly expanding Universe opened the door to a wide variety of debates about the way distances are measured (Gingerich 1071). Indeed, then the current debate has largely settled around more specific elements of Hubbles view, rather than a whole-scale rejection of his system or some other form of innovation. Indeed, the large and greater portion of debates relating to the astronomical distance ladder focus ?on recently determined and still controversial values of the Hubble constant.? "
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Asteroid Impacts, 2003.
Discusses research efforts to find physical evidence to prove that asteroid impacts caused great catastrophes.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 23.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the role of asteroid impact on the extinction of the dinosaurs and the Great Dying of the Permian period. It looks at direct and indirect physical evidence.
From the Paper
"he article under review is titled "Repeated Blows: Did Extraterrestrial Collisions Capable of Causing Widespread Extinctions Pound the Earth Not Once, But Twice-Or Even Several Times." It was published in the March 2002 issue of the Scientific American...."
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The Scientific Revolution, 2003.
Discusses the foundations of scientific advancements.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Examines the traditional crediting of Europe and Copernicus with the development of the Scientific Revolution. Contends that scientific advances in China and the Arabic world were largely responsible for the development.
From the Paper
"Generally, scholars date the beginning of the Scientific Revolution at the 1543 publication of Nicolas Copernicus's "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium," in which he challenged the Ptolemiac universe and argued instead that the..."
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Dante and Cosmology, 2003.
Discusses his explanations of the world and human behavior.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
Discusses Dante's use of astronomy and astrology to explain the cosmos, the themes in his epic poem "The Divine Comedy", which includes "Inferno," "Purgatorio," "Paradisio" and the view of Earth as the center of he universe.
From the Paper
"Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) was the author of several important works that Harold Bloom (p. 7) considers to be essential in the Western Canon of literature. A man interested in many different topics, ranging from love and ..."
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Galileo's Method, 2003.
Discusses the mathematical-experimental method of the Italian scientist/astronomer.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
Examines the relationship between velocity and time for a falling body and Galileo's employment of the hypothetical-deductive method to study the science of motion.
From the Paper
"Galileo's mathematical-experimental method was used to test the relationship between velocity and time for a falling body:
V ? T (Cohen, 1985). Since V could not be measured, he used a combination of mathematics and experimentation to verify this ..."
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Einstein's Theory of Relativity, 2000.
An analysis of the implications and applications of Einstein's relativity theory.
5,572 words (approx. 22.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper primarily takes a look at how astronomy has been revolutionized by Einstein's relativity theory. It discusses the different methods of space travel and celestial observations and looks at the three basic parts of Einstein's relativity: time dilation, relativity of mass, and length contraction, as well as dealing with the implications these ideas have had on the macroworld, namely astronomy, and the microworld, often on the submolecular level.
From the Paper
"Special relativity, which is described first here, is more applicable to microscopic physics and situations that involve inertial frames of reference. Inertial frames of reference are scenarios where on object remains at rest in one frame and another object in a different frame moves at a constant velocity with respect to the first object. The three major tenets of Einstein?s special relativity are time dilation, relativity of mass, and length contraction. The equations that sprung from the concepts Einstein discussed in these three topics bridged Newtonian physics, or more accurately, refined it to the modern physics that is used today. However, because the physical concepts that Newton developed are applicable in most ?everyday? situations, it is still widely used in most areas of science."
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Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence, 2002.
An overview of the SETI program, which aims to find evidence of extraterrestrial life.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Various governments and scientific institutions for over forty years have funded the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI). Continued public funding is currently under debate. This paper outlines the theoretical paradigm of SETI and current SETI research. It concludes by assessing the current state of the field and concludes that, while there is no evidence of extra-terrestrial intelligence (ETI), there is also no evidence against it. Therefore, it concludes, SETI research is an incredibly important and legitimate field of scientific inquiry that must be funded and pursued.
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Discoveries in Astronomy, 2002.
This paper looks at recent findings in astronomy.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This undergraduate essay discusses several recent findings and discoveries in the world of astronomy in 2003. The author examines the discoveries of a new galaxy thirteen-billion light years away, the finding of an unsuspected neighboring star of earth's sun, and several other new developments.
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Manned Mars Missions, 2002.
A review of manned missions to Mars.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six-page graduate-level paper examines and analyzes manned missions to Mars, and concludes that sending human crews to explore our neighboring planet would not be a wise choice at this time. There are better alternatives, such as establishing a commercial presence in near-earth orbit and the Moon, and exploring Mars with unmanned probes.
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