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Gender and Upward Influence: An Indian Study, 2008.
A look at a study by K. Asha, A. Mahfooz, and R. Himanshu, that was carried out on interactions between Indian male and female workers, entitled "Gender, Affect and Upward Influence: An Indian Study".
878 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and critiques the research study, "Gender, Affect and Upward Influence: An Indian Study", hypothesizing that in Indian mixed-sex workforce groups, interactions between males and females continue to be dominated by attitudes that women hold a lower social status than men. The paper explains that study examines the usage of upward influence (UI) in the workplace environment and contradicts previous studies that indicate little or no difference in UI strategies between males and females in the workplace. The paper also explains that the study uses a combination of survey methodology to prove eight separate hypotheses and includes interviews.
Outline:
Description of the Experiment
Independent and Dependent Variables
Sampling Used
Reliability and Validity of the Experiment
From the Paper
"Gender will become an increasingly important issue in the Indian business world, as businesses continue to hire greater numbers of women to fill the labor void created by an expanding market. This research study hypothesizes that in mixed-sex workforce groups, interactions between males and females continue to be dominated by attitudes that women hold a lower social status than men. The study examines the usage of upward influence (UI) in the workplace environment (Asha, Mahfooz, & Himanshu, 2006). This study contradicted previous studies that indicated little or no difference in UI strategies between males and females in the workplace."
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"Holding up Half the Sky", 2008.
A review of the content of Annie Wang's article, "Holding up Half the Sky."
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the article, "Holding up Half the Sky," written by Annie Wang, which concerns itself with the situation faced by Chinese business women in modern-day China. The paper describes the article and provides examples from Wang's work of five featured business women who have overcome challenges in order to make a great success of their respective businesses.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, women are still facing a fundamental inequality in the business world, spurred by the 2000 year mindset that will take more than 50 years to erase. Indeed, Wang notes that discrimination starts at the cradle: boys are still more highly prized when girls at birth. This continues in terms of governmental policies that do not favor small businesses. Such business owners experience difficulties in obtaining loans and the opportunity for growth is limited. Furthermore, discrimination is also evident in the countryside, where the majority of women are denied higher education. This in turn results in migration to cities, where women obtain low-paying, non-prestigious jobs that are not very secure, and from which it is almost impossible to be promoted."
"Nevertheless, Wang offers hope in the form of five featured business women who have overcome the challenges mentioned above in order to make a great success of their respective businesses. These women exemplify the opportunities offered by the Chinese business world. Although problems still exist, the author holds that women do have opportunities to follow the examples of the five women she discusses. Furthermore, the increase of such women have the potential to eventually overthrow the prevailing inequalities in the country's business sector."
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Western Businesses in China, 2008.
A presentation of two cases of Western businesses looking for an entry in the Chinese market.
913 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the recent phenomenon of Western businesses seeking a way to enter and benefit from the huge market inside China. It also discusses the warnings that are being presented by other businesses about certain dangers in entering the Chinese market. The paper presents the case of the car business and how it has enabled various Western companies to enter China, using a Chinese company, Shanghai Auto, as a partner. It then analyzes the case of Intel as a company producing computer chips for use in China and the concern that a Chinese company may someday produce a chip that would rival Intel.
From the Paper
"However, competition is increasing, first from established companies like Advanced Micro Devices. It is also likely that Chinese chip makers will enter the market soon and compete with Intel directly. This is a greater threat in a country where there is no protection for intellectual property. Vogelstein discusses the size and scope of the marketing effort in China, and he also describes specific plants and companies that are involved in this process and considers how they are doing now and how they might be affected if Chinese companies gain a foothold in the same industry. In areas such as Chengdu, Intel has invested where the government asked it to do so, and Intel ahs gained greatly by this move. Growth in the Chinese market is already at a faster pace than in the U.S. market, so Intel may continue to do well even if more competition enters the field, at least for a period of time. The outcome in the longer view might be very different. In addition to chips for computes, Intel is expected to do well with chips for cell phones and similar devices, and Chinese companies are expected to do well in this area also, with China focusing on producing more and more engineers each year to take on this task. Some analysts see a greater potential for Chinese companies and believe that Western companies will lose out in the end, with China staling the intellectual property involved just as has happened with other Western products."
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Poka-Yoke: Manufacturing Mistake-Proofing, 2008.
A discussion of Poka-Yoke, a Japanese method of avoiding errors in the manufacturing process.
1,755 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Poka-Yoke, a Japanese term used to denote a fool-proofing technique that constitutes the core of zero quality control (ZQC). The paper explains that the term is derived from Poka, implying unintentional mistake, and Yoke, meaning avoiding. Normally, this technique is applied in the manufacturing processes, but has extensive uses in offices, order and invoice processing, hospitals and drug dispensing, and maintenance of aircrafts especially with processes that run the risk of causing dangerous in-service breakdown. The paper concludes that, because mistakes can be costly, Poka-Yoke is gaining popularity and is acknowledged as a competitive tool in the production process.
Outline:
Introduction to Poka-Yoke
Poka-Yoke in Manufacturing
Poka-Yoke and Modern Lean Production System
The Growing Relevance of Poka-Yoke
From the Paper
"Repeated checks are having the closest downstream operation check the work of the earlier operation. It is ensured that each operation carries out production as well as quality inspection. Efficient poka-yoke devices render such an inspection system a reality by lowering the time and cost of inspection to almost zero. Since inspections involve minimal cost, each and every time might be inspected. Given that work-in-process inventories are low, quality feedback used to enhance the process can be provided very rapidly. Self-checks using poka-yoke devices let workers evaluate the quality of their own work. As they check each and every unit produced, operators might be able to find out what conditions underwent changes that led to the previous unit to be defective. This understanding is used to check subsequent defects. Self-checks are chosen to successive checks in cases wherever feasible (A Brief Tutorial on Mistake-Proofing, Poka-Yoke, and ZQC)"
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The Jammu and Kashmir Conflict, 2008.
This paper explores the reasons behind the ongoing Indo-Pakistani conflict.
3,331 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper offers a background into the Indo-Pakistani conflict that is rooted in the dispute for the Jammu and Kashmir regions. The paper identifies the political, religious, ethnic and economic components that have created this difficult situation in South Asia. The paper discusses potential solutions that are all extremely challenging, but concludes that solutions and negotiations must be undertaken before nuclear conflict results.
From the Paper
"The relationship between India and Pakistan has evolved towards a very dramatic outcome after the fall of the British Indian Empire in 1947 and the emergence of the two countries as independent states. The two countries fought four wars between each other and the reasons that stand at the basis of the tensioned situation are complex and deeply rooted in the historical and cultural relation between the two countries. One of the main reasons for conflict is over the disputed regions of Jammu and Kashmir and the main concern is that the conflict does not seem to end, not even after all the wars."
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The Japanese-American Internment, 2008.
This paper discusses the experience of Japanese-Americans in the United States during World War II.
823 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the internment of Japanese-Americans was a horrific experience and one of the darkest moments in American history. The paper then provides a chronology of the events affecting Japanese-Americans following the attacks on Pearl Harbor.
From the Paper
"Internment of Japanese Americans was a horrific experience, and one of the darkest moments in American history in that the immigrant commitment to America was ignored, as was the birthright of the children of immigrants who were born U.S. citizens, and interned anyway. So, too, was it disgraceful that the service of Japanese Americans who served in the United States military during World War II went virtually unmentioned for decades following World War II."
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"Only What We Could Carry", 2008.
A discussion of the book "Only What We Could Carry" by Inada Lawson Fusao that describes the internment of thousands of Japanese-Americans during World War II.
1,566 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the collection of writings in "Only What We Could Carry," that relate how the Japanese-Americans were interned during World War II. The paper discusses specific memoirs of individuals taken to the camps who convey the injustice they suffered at the hands of the American justice system. The paper talks about the baseless suspicions today after 9/11 and how distorted the American justice system can be when fear governs its operation.
From the Paper
"The internment of thousands of Japanese-Americans during World War II was a major act of betrayal for these people as their own government treated them as if they had done something wrong, when in fact they had not. They were simply rounded up and moved into camps along the West Coast on the fear that they might be loyal to Japan in the war and might therefore commit acts of espionage or simply reconnaissance for Japan. It has been shown clearly in the decades since that these fears were unfounded and that the internment and the associated confiscation of much of these people's belongings and property was an act of injustice, one addressed to the degree possible with apologies and reparation payments long after the war."
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Southeast Asia Regional Issues and Architecture, 2008.
A discussion of some of the detrimental effects of globalization in Southeast Asia and one architect's suggestion to counter them.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the problems arising from the fact that Southeast Asia has become an economic power in the global market. The paper points out that there has been rapid globalization in the region, where major Western companies set up shop, due to lower labor and production costs. The paper argues that, although this has been good economically, not everything is positive with Southeast Asia's growing industrial complex, increased energy consumption, and use of fossil fuel. The paper maintains that this productivity and progress negatively affects the environment and contributes to the global warming. To conclude, the paper suggests a way to prevent the increase of greenhouse gas emissions by setting up a team of architects, engineers, and scientist to design environmentally-friendly vehicles, factories and productivity devices, as well as green houses, buildings and offices that will use solar energy.
From the Paper
"The key issues hounding the continuous and total development of Southeast Asia can only be solved by a leader who is firm but fair, and believes in the spirit and substance of a true democracy. The firmness can imposed on those who rape and pillage the region's natural resources that actually endanger the lives of those in the region but the world too. Fairness must be applied to those who strive to contribute to improving the region without expecting a windfall in return - where seeing the region improve is reward enough. As an architect, I can try and do my best to help solve some if not all of the problems in Southeast Asia. I know I may not be able to solve then all but I can be one person who could make a difference. I will not only be an architect who designs and builds but an architect of socio-political and economic change."
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Art, Sex, and Freedom of Expression in Asian Art, 2008.
An analysis of sex and sexuality in contemporary Asian art.
1,332 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the expressions of sex and sexuality in the contemporary art of three Asian nations: Japan, China, and South Korea. The paper also looks at public and critical reactions to such works of art, in order to gain insight into the role sex and sexual art play in Asian cultures. The paper then points out that to a Western viewer, images of sex in contemporary Asian art are often shocking in their explicitness or sheer strangeness. The paper explains that once we begin to understand the context in which it has emerged, the representation of sex in contemporary Asian art is analogous to our own in the Western world. The paper concludes that sex is clearly a universal area of interest for artists from all over the world. While some nations, such as the Japanese, are free to explore the subject in all its glorious, perverse, and occasionally horrific detail, other nations punish their artists for making the most minor transgressions.
From the Paper
"In Japanese art, what comes across as shocking to an American audience does not necessarily seem so to the Japanese themselves. This is because the Japanese do not carry the burden of Christian guilt, nor have they been influenced by the Puritan ideals that continue to surface in American discourse. Indeed, the Japanese have a much more open attitude towards sex than any other nation in Asia. Sex in art, however, is often used to challenge accepted modes of discourse in Japanese culture, and is thus considered to be a tool of dissent. This is particularly true for Japanese women artists who wish to challenge the Confucianist idea of women as submissive beings."
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Chinese and Direct-to-Consumer Advertising, 2008.
An analysis of the effects of direct-to-consumer advertising on first and second generation Chinese immigrants in America.
2,564 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a literature review outlining the various pros and cons of direct-to-consumer advertising as it reaches first and second generation Chinese immigrants in the United States. It discusses advertising best practices and methods regarding material that speaks to trust, health, literacy and culture. The paper then describes the effect of this type of advertising on this population.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review: Pros & Cons of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising and Chinese Immigrants
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The large Chinese population in the United States indicates that advertising to this population holds both opportunities and risks in the market. As a result, companies should be well prepared on how to play in this market. A review of the literature indicates that in the past decade, the Chinese immigrant consumer population has proven to be a lucrative population, both for the company manufacturing the goods as well as the independent party responsible for advertising. However, proper and efficient direct-to-consumer marketing and advertising plays a significant role in whether the brand or brand name becomes lucrative or not. Research in this area is critical to the continued success of advertising; after the initial research regarding consumer preferences and needs is completed, marketing efforts through sales becomes key. A review of the literature in this area indicates that advertising, promotion and proper use and maintenance of trademarks the most important aspects of market channeling to Chinese immigrants. As long as these aspects are consistently met, the business opportunities of this population appear to be bright. Finally, as stated by the Zhou et al (2007) research, ethnic language media cannot simply be viewed as an ethnic institution isolated from the mainstream host society in which immigrants resettled and that they can facilitate immigrant adaptation."
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