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The FDR Memorial, 2004.
This paper describes the President Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, in Washington, D.C., and the controversy over the depiction of FDR in a wheelchair.
1,845 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) was stricken with polio at a young age and spent much of his life in a wheelchair. The author points out that, when the vast FDR Memorial was opened in 1997, the only hint of FDR's disability was in a statue, which shows him sitting in a chair behind a desk with two tiny wheels barely visible at the bottom of the statue. The paper relates that the public and disability activist groups felt that this nod to FDR's disability was not enough. The author describes a 2001 addition to the memorial, which is a life-sized statue of FDR sitting in a wheelchair and a wall inscription quoting Eleanor Roosevelt that his illness gave him strength and courage he had not had before. The paper concludes that FDR's disability should not be the main focus of the memorial because he should be remembered for his many achievements and not his disability.
From the Paper
"CNN, USA Today, and Gallop did a survey of 1,003 American adults on April 18th through the 20th, 1997. To the question, "Should the F.D.R. Memorial show him in a wheelchair?" 35% said yes and 60% said no. Respondents were then asked to "Rate F.D.R. as President." 32% said outstanding, 36% said above average, 22% said average and 2% said below average. The general perception of FDR gathered from this poll is a good one. Yet over half the people surveyed did want to show FDR in a wheelchair. Possibilities for this are that people didn't want his disability to be the focus of the memorial. "
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The Kairouan and Djenne Mosques, 2008.
An analysis of the characteristics of the Kairouan and Djenne mosques in Africa.
1,305 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the unique mosques in Kairouan and Djenne, Africa. It begins by discussing the characteristics of the mosque, in general. It then outlines the characteristics of what makes these mosques important to Africa's domestic architecture and compares their designs. Finally, the paper also looks at the African culture that is evident behind their designs.
From the Paper
"Construction of the current mosque started in 1906 and finished in 1907. The mosque's mud-brick construction leaves it vulnerable to weather and is annually being repaired by senior masons of Djenne. The walls of the mosque range from sixteen inches to twenty-four inches thick. The walls insulate during the day and at night store enough heat to keep the mosque warm. The roof is lined with ceramic pipes to direct the water away from the walls. There are three main towers of the Djenne mosque - each tower is capped with an ostrich egg to symbolize fertility. The materials used for building the Djenne mosque signify the elements found throughout all Islamic architecture. They portray the aesthetics of local materials used by the Djenne peoples for centuries. The qibla of the mosque is dominated by three large box-like minarets. Each box juts out from the main wall and has eighteen buttresses. Each minaret contains a spiral staircase leading to the roof where one can replace the ostrich eggs when needed."
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Thomas Cole's Painting: "The Architect's Dream", 2007.
This paper discuses Thomas Cole's painting "The Architect's Dream" (1840, oil on canvas) housed in the Toledo Museum of Art.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the painting "The Architect's Dream" by American artist, Thomas Cole, masters historical perspective by combining structures from several epochs--Egypt, Greece, Rome and Europe--within the confines of a simple painting, thus depicting the evolution of architecture. The author points out that Cole, who was the founder of the Hudson River School, a group of artists that followed the style of American romanticism and realism, filled the landscape of this painting, accurately and in detail, with human structures of each age. The paper concludes that this piece of art from the romantic times is not so much a history lesson as it is a story of human ingenuity and spirit, which praises man's triumphs throughout the ages by giving tribute to the beauty of history's great accomplishments that still inspire humankind today.
From the Paper
""The Architect's Dream" is a large painting, about 8 feet long by 6 feet tall. Just looking at the different buildings throughout the eons is very enthralling. And so, I stood in front of this painting for at least ten minutes just taking in the sheer power of it. I imagined what it would look like IF someone actually built a city like the one Thomas Cole painted. I could see the romanticism in the expression on the Architect's face as he lays relaxed and wondering about his strewn books. I put myself in his position and tried to imagine looking upon such a dream city, but in reality."
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The Duomo Cathedral, 2007.
An overview of the history and architecture of the Duomo Cathedral in Florence.
1,995 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
One of the most distinguishing aspects of Florence's skyline, the dome of the cathedral (Duomo), Santa Maria del Fiore, is a paragon of Renaissance architecture. The result of years of hard work, which was filled with more that six centuries of often-tragic history, the building was originally designed by Amolfo di Cambio in 1294. This paper examines the Duomo Cathedral, by considering its architectural structure, form, and style, while also giving some reflection to popular trends and beliefs during the cathedral's construction, and the ways in which these changed and shaped its architectural form.
Outline:
Introduction
Historical Timescale
Conclusion
From the Paper
" Although the cathedral is basic architectural design was created by Amolfo di Cambio, who was also the designer of the church of Santa Croce and the Palazzo Vecchio, and the internationally famous and symbolic cupola crafted by Renaissance genius Filippo Brunelleschi (1377 - 1446), its final finishing work was not completed until the late 19th century. However, throughout the six hundred period between the cathedral's beginnings and its completion, numerous structural and decorative works took place that have tremendously enriched the history of this incredible monument. "
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Trafalgar Square, 2007.
A look at the history of Trafalgar Square and its importance to London and England.
2,332 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the history Trafalgar Square and how it came to be, as well as its importance to England's people and politics. The paper explains Trafalgar Square's importance to the layout of the city of London and looks at how one of its original secondary purposes was to be part of a fire break line. Additionally, the paper looks at how Trafalgar Square contributes to the ability of the people to thrive within the city on an ongoing basis. A timeline is included with the paper.
Outline:
The History of Trafalgar Square
A Timeline of Trafalgar Square
The Battle of Trafalgar
The Idea Behind the Square
The Architect
Walking the Square
Reinventing Trafalgar
Trafalgar Square Survives Obsolescence
From the Paper
"The center of the square houses a large column with a statue of Captain Nelson at the top. The bronze lions surrounding Nelson's column are said to be made from the cannons of the ships the British Fleet captured during the battle (Wikipedia), and, I'm sure, makes it hard for anyone who sits on them to forget where they came from. The square was designed to draw attention to the column with a large area for seating or strolling available. Two fountains with statuary of mermen, mermaids, and dolphins made of bronze (Urban) adorn the square. The fountains were added in 1845 and remodeled in 1939 by Lutyens (Urban)."
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Neighborhood Analysis: South Side Pittsburgh, 2007.
A description of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's South Side, including history, neighborhood problems, solutions, and its future.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This urban studies essay discusses the history of Pittsburgh's South Side. The paper examines the area's current urban issues. The paper includes possible solutions proposed by the city, and by the writer. The writer further discusses his opinion on the neighborhood's future growth. The paper addresses several urban issues, including gentrification, urban planning, and architectural preservation.
From the Paper
"Pittsburgh's South Side has a rich history and culture. From the first immigrants to the residents that live there today, this neighborhood has seen many changes and growth with the passing of time. The neighborhood has faced new challenges and issues. There have been recent developments in overcoming these neighborhood issues and many areas of success can be seen. If the indicators of positive urban renewal prove to be accurate, the South Side will see positive growth within the next ten years. In this essay I will explore different aspects of Pittsburgh's South Side neighborhood through giving a description history and current state, describing its most pertinent problems it faces, give possible solutions to these issues, as well as give my prediction of the direction of its future."
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The Coffee Table: 1950-1969, 2006.
This paper discusses the occasional coffee table, originally used for lounge interior design from 1950-1969.
7,930 words (approx. 31.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 171.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the maximized design styles of the 1950s through the later 1960s, the period represented by the thriving economy of the baby boomers, was a pro-active action against the mass destruction and insecurity of WWII. The author points out that furniture styles became more inclusive and more innovative during this time period resulting in the coffee table or lounge table becoming a unique and innovative creation. The paper relates that the styles of this period, now called 1950s retro furniture, are highly valued today. The paper includes detailed descriptions with pictures of many coffee tables.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Introduction
The Tables
1950s Style in Today's Context
Legacy of 1950s and 1960s
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This is a Danish Rosewood table circa 1950s. The Suite 101 website provides interesting information in regard to this style of furniture through Barbara Nicholson's writing. There have been many of the Bauhaus style Danish modern furnishings throughout the era from 1940 through 1960 and the diversity is noted in the varying shapes and styles including this Danish style hexagonal table. Another would be in the use of unusual woods including veneers as this hexagonal table would be created from and teak which would be in the table found beside it."
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Adolf Loos, 2006.
An analysis of the architecture in fin de siecle Vienna and the influence of Adolf Loos, an architect and dominant and controversial critic during the period of the Vienna Secession.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
From our 21st century perspective, the world of architecture in fin de siecle Vienna is resonant of the atmosphere of a noisy coffee house with a cacophony of different voices and arguments mingling, conflicting and synthesizing the avant garde and the traditional. This paper discusses the influential, modernist architect and critic Adolf Loos, whose polemical ideas and violent rhetoric challenged the prevailing aesthetics of the Vienna Secession.
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Greek Architecture and Society, 2006.
This paper explores the style of Greek architecture and their economic, political and religious motivations.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Greek architecture is very important to understanding Greek society more generally. With this in mind, the paper examines the interesting economic, political and religious considerations or motivations which went into the construction of works which stand even today as symbols of architectural beauty and excellence. In particular, the paper looks at how the cost of building materials determined the early construction of Greek public structures, most notably temples. The paper discusses how a vigorous and wealthy Greece sought to communicate this wealth through the conspicuous construction of unforgettable marble public buildings.
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Vulnerability Assessment, 2006.
An assessment of a building for vulnerability in times of natural disaster, crime and theft.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 5 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
We live today in a society that is increasingly violent and in a society wherein random acts of violence are increasingly common. Beyond that, as the events of Hurricane Katrina show humanity is certainly not invulnerable to the assaults of Mother Nature. With the above in mind, this paper provides a vulnerability assessment of a fictitious building in which theft and personal loss scenarios, natural disaster scenarios, and WMD scenarios are considered with an eye towards making the building safer and more secure for its occupants. Along the way, this paper reviews physical security systems and critical infrastructure recovery plans that the company needs going forward.
From the Paper
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