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The Gypsies and World War II, 2004.
This paper discusses the treatment of the Gypsies by the Nazis before and during World War II.
3,590 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the mobile lifestyle of the Gypsies, who migrated from southern Asia over one thousand years ago and settled in many areas of Europe, especially Germany, frightened many sedentary town dwellers. Even today, the most common aspect of Gypsy life is to be persecuted. The author points out that the objective of the Nazis was to remove the Gypsies from society by using a three-track program similar to the treatment of Jews: Harassment and anti-Gypsy legislation, incarceration in concentration camps that included experimentation, and finally, extermination. The paper relates that even though thousands of Gypsies died, their case is not as well-known as that of the Jews because the Gypsies were less educated and did not record their experiences in writing as frequently. Also, their beliefs and culture regarding ritual purity and sexual conduct had been violated in the concentration camps, making them reluctant to talk about what had happened.
Table of Contents
Background
What it is like to be a Gypsy?
Before the War
Track Number One
Track Number Two
Track Number Three
During the War
The Nazi Experiments
From the Paper
"Even before the advent of war, the Gypsies were persecuted and shunned by society. As early as 1929, the city of Frankfurt Germany set up a "concentration camp for Gypsies" outside the city limits because of complaints by citizens. Therefore, the persecution of Gypsies began long before the Nazi regime took power, and in fact, historian Lewy notes, "When the Nazis intensified the harassment and persecution practiced by earlier regimes, most of their neighbors remained superbly indifferent". Adolph Hitler took power in Germany in 1933, and his regime initially had many other people to consider than the Gypsies. There were the Jews, whom Hitler despised and hoped to eradicate from Germany. However, the Gypsies soon became a priority in Hitler's administration for a variety of reasons. The Nazis began to refer to it as the "Gypsy Problem," and gave increasing attention to removing the Gypsies, thereby continuing the "pure" "Aryan" race of white Germany."
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The Holocaust and Genres, 2005.
A look at how the theme of the Holocaust in literature is treated differently within and between different genres.
1,265 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the treatment of the Holocaust in Elie Wiesel's "Night", Art Spiegelman's "Maus: A Survivor's Tale", Roberto Benigni's "Life is Beautiful", and Alain Resnais's "Night and Fog". The paper shows how each of these different works provides a unique and important look at the Holocaust, while also illustrating that different genres and approaches can be effective in conveying an event as important and profound as the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"Elie Wiesel's book, Night, tells the semi-autobiographical tale of fourteen year old Eliezer Wiesel who is sent to Holocaust concentration camps. Throughout the novel, the author struggles to find meaning in the horror of the events that surround Eliezer. The death camps consume his family, and Eliezer is left with the horrific guilt of survival. He tries desperately to understand how God could have allowed these terrible events."
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Nazi Youth, 2004.
An historical account of the Nazi youth movement.
3,539 words (approx. 14.2 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an insight into the Nazi youth movement and illustrates how these children were used by the German military machine. The paper describes how the youth were initially lured into joining Hitler's youth movement and, ultimately, forced by law to join. The paper discusses the role played by the youth in the war.
Outline
Introduction
When Did the Movement Evolve and Why?
Youth Group History
What Was Hitler?s Involvement?
How Did They Lure in the Youth?
Who Ran the Clubs?
What Role Did the Youth Play in the War?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In hindsight, we now know that Hitler was obviously not thinking of the young German children as he suggested but instead he was focused on an objective of achieving the ultimate power for himself and his supporters. With all that power in his hands, one question comes to mind in regard to the Hitler Youths: Did Adolf Hitler actually control the Nazi youth movement? Because Adolf Hitler is considered today as having been an absolute ruler or tyrant over the Nazi Party and the German People, it is hard to imagine that he did not institute the programs that led to the youth movement."
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"All But My Life", 2004.
This paper reviews the book, ?All But My Life?, by Gerda Weissmann Klein.
1,758 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
A look at how Klein has narrated her ordeal during the Nazi regime and how she survived the Holocaust and the Death March. The writer states that it is a highly emotional book, which narrates the horrors and sorrows faced by the survivors.
From the Paper
"All But My Life is a must-read book. This non-fiction story is about a young girl named Gerda Weissmann Klein, also the author, who lived during the Holocaust and World War II. She was born in Bielitz, a city in Poland. Gerda, a little girl, was sitting in her living room one day and she heard "Heil Hitler, Heil Hitler." She had never seen anyone in her town so afraid. Gerda noticed that signs started to appear everywhere. For example, No Jews or Dogs Allowed. Gerda was one of the innocent Jews that lived in her hometown."
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Elie Wiesel's "Night", 2004.
Book report on Eli Wiesel's book recalling his horrific experiences in a Nazi concentration camp.
986 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes "Night" by Elie Wiesel and explains how the book is about Wiesel's gradual loss of faith as a result of his experiences in the camps.
From the Paper
"Night by Elie Wiesel was first published in English in 1960 and gave the most chilling and most faithful account of his experiences during the Holocaust. We have heard a lot about concentration camps and how Jews were made to suffer simply because of their religion, however this book gives us something deeper to think about. The book studies the Holocaust experience in the light of Jewish beliefs and the author narrates the gradual loss of his faith in God. The novel begins with a normal description of life in Elie Wiesel's house. This is done to show how devout a Jew he was and how firmly he believed in God before all was taken away by the Holocaust. "I believe profoundly. During the day I studied the Talmud, and at night I run to the synagogue to weep over the destruction of the Temple." (p.13) He was a strong believer in the powers of God and saw Him as an absolutely fair and just Creator. The book opens in the year 1943 when Elie's family and others in his Hungarian town of Sighet had not yet heard of concentration camps or Nazi atrocities. A pious Jew man who had been imparting religious knowledge to Elie tells everyone of his experience during a brief journey when all his fellow Jews were brutally killed by Nazi forces. It is not easy for the villagers to trust his stories but eventually Nazi forces enter their village too and this is when the real journey of faith or should we say, loss of faith begins."
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The Nazis and the Jews, 2004.
This paper discusses the historical steps by which the Nazis attempted to annihilate the Jews.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Hitler believed that to achieve his dream of a pure racial state in Germany, he had to totally eliminate the Jews from the face of the earth. The author points out that the first working session of the Reichszentrale began the process of concentrating all matters concerning Jewish emigration into the hands of the police. The paper relates that in the concentration camps German doctors practiced ?medical experiments?, known as eugenics, on the Jews in which experiments were made regarding the purity of German blood as opposed to that of the Jews.
From the Paper
"Hitler?s first stage of this act toward racial purity and a racial state was aimed at accomplishing two ends?first, Germany had to purge itself of its internal enemies, and second, Germany had to make itself strong. The first step in this process was purgation, which had been achieved with the promulgation of the laws of 1933 and the Nuremberg Laws. At the end of August of 1936, Hitler went to Berchtesgaden, where he prepared his memorandum on the Four Year Plan. A portion of this document provided for the expropriation of all Jews when Germany went to war, for the Reichstag was to pass a law ?making the whole of Jewry liable for all damages inflicted by individual specimens . . . upon the German economy and thus upon the German people?."
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U.S. Response to the Holocaust, 2004.
Critical review of David Wyman's book, "The Abandonment of the Jews".
2,470 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper critically reviews Wyman's book about the United States' failure to help the Jews during WWII. The author of the paper argues that Wyman draws incorrect conclusions from the facts gathered and compares Wyman's book to other books on a similar subject, which the author suggests are much more accurate accounts.
From the Paper
"For the past decades, there has been a knee-jerk conviction in the United States that among all of America?s many failings was an almost savage and planned program of refusal to help the Jews being slaughtered in Hitler?s Germany. It seems a specious argument, at best. Or at least, it begs the question?and one relevant for today, one might add??Who died and left the U.S. in charge of the good of the entire universe?? It seems likely that the same people who abhor our entrance into Iraq, ostensibly to do two things?root out weapons of mass destruction and save the Iraqis from their own leader?have strong parallels with this continuing, albeit low-key, debate about whether the U.S. should have, could have or would have done more to save the Jews. We are regarded, internationally and at home, as outlaws for our activities in Iraq. Positing that we should have acted in a similar manner might well have evoked the same response in the 1940s. It would be difficult to see where the qualitative difference in ?shredding? a citizen as Saddam Hussein is said to have done to dissidents and members of the other sect of Islam (not his own) and gassing them is very much different. A monster is a monster is a monster?and a victim is a victim is a victim."
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Review of Book about the Holocaust, 2004.
Introduces, discusses and analyzes the book, "The Holocaust: A History of the Jews of Europe During the Second World War", by Martin Gilbert.
1,029 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper contains an analysis of the main arguments and the issues they raise in Martin Gilbert's book about the Holocaust. The paper focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the points made in the book and includes the author's opinion of those arguments as well.
From the Paper
"The author employs a vast number of sources in order to make his book more complete, and to illustrate the suffering going on all over Europe in Jewish communities. He interviews hundreds of Holocaust survivors, who tell compelling and unbelievable stories of violence, hatred, and viciousness so appalling, they tend to run together into a vast cauldron of denial. It is quite clear the author used any avenue available to him to complete his research and find sources for his book. The most compelling sources are those survivors who recount the unspeakable horrors that continued around them until the Jews' liberation in mid-1945. The book is crammed with horrible testimony to the cruelty and inhumanity of the Nazis."
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Pre-Holocaust and Post-Holocaust Jewish Literature, 2004.
Looks at how the Holocaust has affected Jewish literature by comparing short stories about similar subjects.
2,053 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the content and tone of two short stories, "If Not Higher" by I.L. Peretz and "?The Kozshenitser Rebe? by Binyamin Orenshtayn, in an effort to determine if the authors were affected by the Holocaust and the great wars that took place between the time the two stories were written. The paper concludes that the authors were indeed affected by these events, as was Jewish literature in general, and, by comparing the literature, we can see a shift from a religious and faith centered approach to life to a socially motivated and political approach to life.
From the Paper
"The Yiddish short story ?If Not Higher? by I.L. Peretz was published in Warsaw in 1900, decades before the holocaust. Fifty years later, the short supposedly true story of ?The Kozshenitser Rebe? was published in Yiddish by Orenshtayn in a book of memorials to Jewish leaders. Both stories tell of the behavior of a specific (assumably Hassidic) rebe on an important Jewish holiday. However, apart from this basic similarity, these two stories are radically different. This may be partly a function of having different authors and of coming from different historical areas. However, if the differences between style and content with these two works is indicative not of the personal styles of the authors, then one is left with another option: namely that the striking differences between these two works is a result of the holocaust and the slaughter of the Jewry of Eastern European. If these two works are representative of the short story genre before and after the holocaust, then it appears that this traumatic event may have drastically changed the way that Eastern European Jews view themselves and their culture."
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Fascism in Nazi Germany, 2004.
An overview of the causes of the rise and spread of Fascism in 1930s Germany.
4,244 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how many critics and theorists have speculated about the reasons behind fascism and the horror of the holocaust in Nazi Germany before and during the Second World War, how violence was prevalent, and how Hitler used it to alternately intimidate and incite his followers. It attempts to determine the roots of these causes by examining the historical and social context that made Germany so ripe for fascism and dictatorship by 1933.
Outline
Historical Context: The Weimar Republic
World War 1 and Political Upheaval
The Treaty of Versailles
The Economy
Hitler and the Socialist Workers? Party
The Golden Era
The Rise of Hitler and Fascism
Social Context: Functionalism
Structural Functionalism
Function
Structures
Interdependence
Equilibrium
Consensus
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The German political structure in World War I (from 1916) had been subordinate to the military. At this time the country was an Empire, ruled by the Oberste Heeresleitung (OHL), or the Supreme Army Command. The Chief of Staff at this time was Paul von Hindenburg. At the end of the War the OHL installed a civil government for the benefit of the remainder of Germany after the war. The 1971 constitution was then amended. The Reich (Empire) had become a parliamentary democracy. The Parliament, or the Reichstag, instead of the Emperor, was now responsible for the political welfare of Germany. Such welfare was almost unattainable however, as the end of war meant returning soldiers. The fact that many of these soldiers were wounded both physically and psychologically brought chaos to the German society."
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